大剂量甲氨蝶呤化疗致儿童药物超敏反应的临床护理  

Clinical nursing of children hypersensitivity induced by high-dose methotrexate

作　　者：颜余竹[1] 郭小利[1] 张世群[1] 张文君 冉旭黄[1] 梁爽 YAN Yuzhu;GUO Xiaoli;ZHANG Shiqun;ZHANG Wenjun;RAN Xuhuang;LIANG Shuang(The Second Department of Hematology,Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University/Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders(Ministry of Education)/China Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disease/China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders/Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics,Chongqing,400014,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学附属儿童医院/儿童发育疾病研究教育部重点实验室/国家儿童健康与疾病临床医学研究中心/儿童发育重大疾病国家国际科技合作基地/儿科学重庆市重点实验室血液二科,重庆400014

出　　处：《肿瘤药学》2022年第3期409-412,共4页Anti-Tumor Pharmacy

摘　　要：目的总结2例大剂量甲氨蝶呤化疗致儿童药物超敏反应的临床护理措施。方法主要护理措施包括病情观察、皮肤护理、口腔护理、症状管理及心理护理。结果2例患儿均未发生严重并发症,康复出院。结论大剂量甲氨蝶呤引起的药物超敏反应不常见,一旦发生,护士在协助治疗的同时,应加强对病情的观察和对皮肤、口腔的护理,做好症状管理及心理护理,为患儿减轻痛苦,促进其康复。Objective To summarize the clinical nursing measures for two children of drug hypersensitivity induced by high-dose methotrexate.Methods The main nursing measures included observation of disease condition,skin care,oral care,symptoms management and psychological nursing.Results No serious complications occurred in the 2 cases.Both patients discharged from hospital after recovery.Conclusion It is uncommon to have drug hypersensitivity reaction induced by high-dose methotrexate.But once it occurs,the nurse should assist with treatment,strengthen the observation of disease condition,skin care,oral care,and do well in symptom management and psychological nursing,so as to alleviate the pain and improve the recovery of patients.

关 键 词：甲氨蝶呤 护理 超敏反应 儿童 

分 类 号：R473[医药卫生—护理学] R733.7[医药卫生—临床医学]