2012年~2021年天津市大学生团体无偿献血者HIV筛查结果分析  

HIV screening results of college group blood donors in Tianjin from 2012 to 2021

作　　者：石彩侠 樊晶[1] 程雪 刘锐 SHI Caixia;FAN Jing;CHENG Xue;LIU Rui(Tianjin Blood Center,Tianjin 300110,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市血液中心,天津300110

出　　处：《中国输血杂志》2022年第6期651-654,共4页Chinese Journal of Blood Transfusion

摘　　要：目的分析天津市大学生团体无偿献血者HIV(Human immunodeficiency virus,人类免疫缺陷病毒)的感染特征和流行现状,为完善无偿献血宣传招募策略、保障临床用血安全及制定青少年HIV防控策略提供数据支持。方法选取2012~2021年度天津市大学生团体无偿献血者中人类免疫缺陷病毒抗体阳性(抗-HIV+)及人类免疫缺陷病毒核糖核酸阳性(HIV RNA+)检测结果进行分析,统计HIV阳性率(抗-HIV+或HIV RNA+)、抗-HIV单阳率(抗-HIV+且HIV RNA-)、HIV RNA单阳率(抗-HIV-且HIV RNA+)及双阳性率(抗-HIV+且HIV RNA+)与不同年度、性别、户籍状况、年龄及献血史(初次献血和重复献血)之间的关系。结果2012~2021年间大学生团体无偿献血者HIV阳性率及HIV RNA单阳率有明显增高趋势(χ^(2)分别为49.266,71.379,P均<0.05);对照组HIV阳性率明显高于大学生团体无偿献血者(χ^(2)=92.414,P<0.05);大学生团体无偿献血者HIV阳性率和抗-HIV单阳率在性别上无明显差异,但男性HIV RNA单阳率及双阳性率高于女性(χ^(2)分别为6.059,10.900,P<0.05);外地户籍大学生献血者HIV阳性率明显高于本地户籍大学生(χ^(2)=47.523,P<0.05);不同年龄HIV阳性率差异明显,18岁阳性率最高,21岁阳性率最低(P<0.05);初次及重复献血者HIV双阳性率无明显差异,其他三项阳性率初次献血者明显高于重复献血者(P<0.05)。结论近年来大学生团体无偿献血者血液HIV阳性率及HIV RNA单阳率呈上升趋势,在无偿献血宣传过程中应加强对大学生HIV相关问题的征询及宣教,保障用血安全的同时为预防艾滋病的校园内传播发挥作用。Objective To analyze the infection characteristics and prevalence of HIV among college group voluntary blood donors in Tianjin,China,so as to provide data support for improving the promotion and recruitment strategies of voluntary blood donors,ensuring the safety of blood for clinical use,and formulating HIV prevention and control strategies for adolescents.Methods The college donors with anti-HIV(+)and HIV RNA(+)results in Tianjin from January 1,2012 to December 31,2021 were selected and analyzed.The relationships among HIV positive rate(anti-HIV+or HIV RNA+),solo anti-HIV positive rate(anti-HIV+and HIV RNA-),solo HIV RNApositive rate(anti-HIV-and HIV RNA+)and double positive rate(anti-HIV+and HIV RNA+)between different years,gender,residence status,age and blood donation history(primary or repeated blood donation)were counted.Results The HIV positive rate and solo HIV RNA positive rate of college group blood donors from 2012 to 2021 showed a trend with significant increasing(χ^(2)=49.266,71.379,P<0.05).The HIV positive rate in the controls was significantly higher than that in the college blood donors(χ^(2)=92.414,P<0.05).The HIV positive rate and solo anti-HIV positive rate showed no differences by genders,but the male presented significant higher positive rate in solo HIV RNA and double positive results than the females(χ^(2)=6.059,10.900,P<0.05).The HIV positive rate of local resident was significantly lower than those nonlocal students(χ^(2)=47.523,P<0.05).The HIV positive rate differed significantly by ages,with the highest at the age of 18 and the lowest at the age of 21(P<0.05).The difference of HIV double positive rates between the first-time and repeated donors was marginal,while the other three positive rates in thefirst-time donors were significantly higher than those in the repeated donors(P<0.05).Conclusion In recent years,the HIV positive rate and solo HIV RNA positive rate of college group blood donors present an increasing tendency.The consultation and education on HIV-related issues should

关 键 词：大学生献血者 HIV 宣传策略 血液安全 

分 类 号：R193.3[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]