淮河流域局部区域农村居民腹泻及影响因素研究  

Study on the diarrhea of rural residents and its impact factors in local region in Huaihe River Basin

作　　者：张晗[1,2] 张金良[1,2] 吕占禄[1,2] 邹天森[1,2] 刘凯[1,3] 郭凌川 王慢想 ZHANG Han;ZHANG Jin-liang;LYU Zhan-lu;ZOU Tian-sen;LIU Kai;GUO Ling-chuan;WANG Man-xiang(State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Ecological Effect and Risk Assessment of Chemicals,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences;Institute of Design&Research,Wenzhou Environmental Protection)

机构地区：[1]环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室中国环境科学研究院,北京100012 [2]生态环境部化学品生态效应与风险评估重点实验室中国环境科学研究院 [3]温州市环境保护设计科学研究院

出　　处：《环境卫生学杂志》2022年第4期272-277,共6页JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE

基　　金：环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室专项经费(22060204005)。

摘　　要：目的通过淮河流域7个县区调查分析了解农村成年居民腹泻发生情况及影响因素。方法收集2015年11月—2018年10月淮河流域7个县区成年农村居民暴露参数与环境风险因子调查数据库中18~75岁且在当地居住3年以上3424名农村居民的相关数据,描述腹泻发生报告情况,采用单因素和分类树模型分析其影响因素。结果调查地区农村成年居民报告有腹泻发生者771人,报告率为22.5%,发病率为0.606次/人年,每次腹泻平均持续时间为2.06天。日最高气温月均值和月平均降水量与腹泻的报告率呈正相关关系(r=0.482和0.337);单因素Logistic回归和树分析显示,住宅周边有沟塘、使用非卫生厕所、年龄小于45岁、饮酒、家庭年收入低于2万和水井周边有厕所或猪圈是腹泻的危险因素。结论淮河流域调查地区农村成年居民腹泻报告率和我国其它农村地区的调查结果相近,腹泻的发生主要受居住生活环境和生活卫生习惯的影响,住宅周边有沟塘是首要影响因素。Objective To investigate and analyze the diarrhea among adult rural residents and the impact factors in 7 counties of Huaihe River Basin.Methods A number of 3424 adult rural residents at the age of 18-75 yrs,with no less than 3-year local living,were chosen from the database of the survey on the exposure parameters and environmental risk factors in 7 counties of Huaihe River Basin from November,2015 to October,2018.The current incidence rates of diarrhea were analyzed and the impact factors were modeled by answer tree analysis.Results A total of 771 adult rural residents reported diarrhea suffering during the ivestigation.The reported rate of diarrhea was 22.5%,the reported incidence rate was 0.606/person/year,and the analyzed average duration of diarrhea was 2.06 d.The mean monthly value of daily maximum temperature and mean monthly rainfall were positively correlated with the diarrhea report rates.The single factor Logistic regression analysis and Tree analysis showed that the ditches and ponds around the household,non-sanitary toilets using,age,drinking,annually family income and the toilets and/or stys around the well were the risk factors for diarrhea reporting(P<0.05).Conclusion The incidence of reported diarrhea among rural adult residents in the study areas of Huaihe River Basin was similar to those reported by other surveys in rural China.It was mainly affected by the living environment and living hygiene habits.And the ditches and ponds around the household were the primary risk factor of diarrhea.

关 键 词：腹泻 报告率 影响因素 农村 淮河流域 树分析 

分 类 号：R127[医药卫生—环境卫生学]