载荷、温度和转速对轴承油膜厚度及寿命的影响  

Influence of load,temperature and speed on bearing oil film thickness and life

作　　者：徐立晖 罗勇水 何俊尉 何先照 XU Li-hui;LUO Yong-shui;HE Jun-wei;HE Xian-zhao(Zhejiang Windey Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou 310000,China;Key Laboratory of Wind Power Technology of Zhejiang Province,Hangzhou 310000,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江运达风电股份有限公司,浙江杭州310000 [2]浙江省风力发电技术重点实验室,浙江杭州310000

出　　处：《机电工程》2022年第7期955-960,共6页Journal of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2019YFB2005003)。

摘　　要：由于缺乏有效的试验设备及试验方法,行业内缺少针对大功率风电机组主轴轴承的测试研究,为此,研究了轴承载荷、运行温度和运行转速对轴承油膜厚度、寿命的影响。首先,利用Romax软件建立了轴承三维测试台仿真模型,并根据GL2012规范计算了主轴承175000 h寿命,接触应力不大于1650 MPa载荷;然后,根据计算的载荷及轴承的额定转速,研究了轴承载荷、温度及转速对轴承的接触应力、滚子油膜厚度和寿命的影响;最后,以轴承油膜厚度及轴承滚子的接触应力为目标,确定了合理的轴承测试载荷。研究结果表明:为了避免轴承滚子出现应力集中现象,轴承测试载荷须小于8822 kN;为实现轴承测试过程中处于弹流润滑状态,轴承测试温度须小于65℃;轴承转速由10.5 r/min增加至30.6 r/min时,轴承最小油膜厚度提升188%;根据轴承175000 h疲劳寿命测试要求,轴承测试转速为12 r/min,载荷为8500 kN工况下,轴承等效测试为2984 h;以上仿真分析结果可为实际轴承测试提供理论支持。Due to the lack of effective test equipment and test methods,there was a lack of test research on the main shaft bearings of high-power wind turbines in the industry.Therefore,the influence of bearing load,operating temperature and operating speed on the bearing oil film thickness and life was studied.Firstly,the three-dimensional model of the main shaft test-bed was built and analyzed with Romax software.Based on GL2012 guide,the bearing load was calculated according to the maximum contact stress 1650 MPa and bearing life 175000 hours.Then,based on the calculated load and bearing rate speed,the effect of bearing load,temperature and speed on film thickness,contact stress and bearing life were analyzed.Finally,according to the film thickness and contact stress,the test load was determined.The results indicate that in order to avoid the edge stress concentration circumstance,bearing load must be less than 8822 kN.In order to realize the elasto-hydrodynamic lubrication effect during test,the bearing temperature must be less than 65℃.When the bearing speed increases from 10.5 r/min to 30.6 r/min,the bearing minimum oil film thickness increases by 188%.According to the requirement of 175000 hours fatigue life,when the bearing test speed is 12 r/min,the equivalent test is 2984 hours under the load 8500 kN,and the above results provide theoretical support for the actual bearing test.

关 键 词：球面滚子轴承 风电机组主轴轴承 轴承油膜厚度 轴承寿命 轴承载荷 轴承运行温度 轴承转速 

分 类 号：TH133.33[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TM315[电气工程—电机]