基于主成分分析法的不同品种黄瓜综合品质分析与评价  

Analysis and Evaluation of Comprehensive Quality of Different Cucumber Cultivars Based on Principal Component Analysis

作　　者：高珏晓 郭莹 徐蓓蓓 王仁杰 王兴翠[2] 李美芹[2] 张云 GAO Juexiao;GUO Ying;XU Beibei;WANG Renjie;WANG Xingcui;LI Meiqin;ZHANG Yun(National Vegetable Quality Standard Center,Shouguang 262700,China;Weifang University of Science and Technology,Shouguang 262700,China;Shouguang Daily Media Co.,Ltd.,Shouguang 262700,China)

机构地区：[1]全国蔬菜质量标准中心,山东寿光262700 [2]潍坊科技学院,山东寿光262700 [3]寿光日报传媒有限公司,山东寿光262700

出　　处：《蔬菜》2022年第7期10-16,共7页Vegetables

基　　金：山东省重大科技创新工程项目(2019JZZY010707)。

摘　　要：为探究综合评价黄瓜品质的方法,以10个不同外形、营养、风味的黄瓜品种为研究对象,测定其风味和营养品质,并对各品质指标进行差异性和相关性分析,对风味品质指标进行主成分分析。结果表明:除柠檬酸之外,品种间各品质指标均存在一定差异。可溶性固形物、单宁和维生素C含量最高的品种是维纳斯,最低的分别是德瑞特975、金童和传奇778;可溶性糖、葡萄糖、果糖、苹果酸、氨基酸含量最高的均为绿宝,可溶性糖含量最低的是德瑞特975,其余4个指标最低的均为甘脆1号;蔗糖含量最高的是玉女,最低的是金童;总酸含量最高的是金童,最低的是德瑞特975;蛋白质含量最高的是优美,最低的是甘脆1号。相关性分析显示,可溶性固形物含量与果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖、可溶性糖含量均呈显著正相关,可溶性糖含量与果糖、葡萄糖含量均呈极显著正相关,与蔗糖含量呈显著正相关;苹果酸含量与果糖、葡萄糖、可溶性糖含量均呈极显著正相关,与蔗糖含量显著正相关;维生素C含量与可溶性固形物、可溶性糖、蔗糖含量均呈显著正相关;氨基酸含量与可溶性糖、葡萄糖、果糖含量均呈极显著正相关,与苹果酸含量呈显著正相关。黄瓜风味品质指标主成分分析综合排名前3的是维纳斯、绿宝和托尼102。结合黄瓜品质评价差异性分析结果,认为主成分分析综合排名能在一定程度上反映黄瓜的综合品质。In order to explore the method of comprehensive evaluation of cucumber quality,10 cucumber cultivars of different shape,nutrition and flavor were taken as the research object,and the flavor and nutritional quality were measured.The difference and correlation of each quality indicator were analyzed,and the flavor quality indicator was analyzed by Principal Component Analysis.The results showed that there were some differences in quality indicators among cultivars except citric acid.'Venus'had the highest content of soluble solid,tannin and vitamin C,of which'Derite 975''Jintong'and'Chuanqi 778'were the lowest,respectively.'Lübao'had the highest contents of soluble sugar,glucose,fructose,malic acid and amino acid,while'Derite 975'had the lowest content of soluble sugar and'Gancui No.1'had the lowest contents of glucose,fructose,malic acid and amino acid.'Yünü'had the highest content of sucrose,of which'Jintong'was the lowest.'Jintong'had the highest content of total acid,of which'Derite 975'was the lowest.'Youmei'had the highest content of protein,of which'Gancui No.1'was the lowest.The correlation analysis results showed that there were significant positive correlation of content of soluble solid and the contents of fructose,glucose,sucrose and soluble sugar,and there were extremely significant positive correlation of the content of soluble sugar and contents of fructose and glucose,and significant positive correlation of content of sucrose.There were extremely significant positive correlation of the content of malic acid and the contents of fructose,glucose and soluble sugar,and significant positive correlation of the content of sucrose.There were significant positive correlation of content of vitamin C and the contents of soluble solids,soluble sugar and sucrose.There were extremely significant positive correlation of content of amino acid and the contents of soluble sugar,glucose and fructose,and significant positive correlation of the content of malic acid.Flavor quality of'Venus''Lübao'and'Tony 102'ranked

关 键 词：黄瓜 品质 评价 差异性分析 相关性分析 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S642.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]