湘南烟稻轮作区追肥结束期和留叶数对烤烟产质量的影响  

Effects of Topdressing Durations and the Number of Retained Leaves on Tobacco Yield and Quality in the Tobacco-Rice Rotation Area of South Hunan

作　　者：李云霞 罗经仁 郑维威 彭涛 李思军 LI Yun-xia;LUO Jing-ren;ZHENG Wei-wei;PENG Tao;LI Si-jun(Chenzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Chenzhou 423000,PRC;Guiyang Branch of Chenzhou Tobacco Company,Chenzhou 424400,PRC)

机构地区：[1]郴州市农业科学研究所,湖南郴州423000 [2]郴州市烟草公司桂阳分公司,湖南郴州424400

出　　处：《湖南农业科学》2022年第6期21-24,共4页Hunan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：湖南省烟草公司科技项目(17-20Aa04);郴州市烟草公司项目(2020431000240228)。

摘　　要：为探索湘烟6号在湘南烟稻轮作区的高产栽培技术,开展了追肥结束期和留叶数对烤烟产质量影响的小区试验。结果表明:追肥结束期是影响茎围、腰叶长、腰叶宽、叶面积的关键因子,留叶数是影响株高和节距的关键因子;湘烟6号追肥结束期早(栽后45 d)、留叶数20片/株时,烟株的株高、腰叶宽、叶面积越大;追肥结束期是影响湘烟6号经济性状的关键因子,而留叶数对其经济性状影响不大;追肥结束期早(栽后45 d)、留叶数20片/株时有利于获得较高的产量、产值和上等烟比例;追肥结束期居中(栽后60 d)、留叶数20片/株有利于获得较高的均价和中上等烟比例。综合来看,湘烟6号在湘南烟稻轮作区种植时,在基肥40%、追肥60%的情况下,栽后45 d结束追肥、留叶数20片/株,烟株的株高、腰叶宽、叶面积越大,有利于获得较高的产量、产值和上等烟比例。In order to explore the high-yield cultivation technique of Xiangyan No.6 tobacco in rice-tobacco rotation areas of South Hunan,the effects of different topdressing durations and the number of retained leaves on tobacco production and quality were studied in a plot experiment.The results showed that the topdressing duration was a key factor affecting stem girth,waist leaf length,waist leaf width and leaf area;the number of retained leaves was a key factor affecting plant height and internode length.The plant height,waist width and leaf area of Xiangyan No.6 were larger when the topdressing duration was ended early(45 days after planting)and the number of retained leaves was 20 leaves/plant.The ending time of topdressing was a key factor affecting the economic traits of Xiangyan No.6,while the number of retained leaves had little influence on the economic traits.An early ending of topdressing(45 days after planting)and 20 leaves per plant were beneficial to higher yields and output values and superior tobacco ratios.A medium topdressing duration(60 days after planting)with 20 leaves left per plant was beneficial to obtaining higher average prices and medium-top grade tobacco ratios.In conclusion,under the conditions of 40%base fertilizer and 60%topdressing fertilizer in the tobacco-rice rotation area of South Hunan,ending topdressing 45 days after planting with 20 leaves left per plant will help Xiangyan No.6 obtain a higher plant height,wider waist leaf and larger leaf area,thereby get a higher yield,output value and top-grade tobacco proportion.

关 键 词：湘烟6号 追肥结束期 留叶数 产质量 湘南烟稻轮作区 

分 类 号：S365[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]