植物源除草剂的研发现状  

The Research and Development Status of Botanical Herbicides

作　　者：杨浩娜 王立峰[1] 邬腊梅[1] YANG Hao-na;WANG Li-feng;WU La-mei(Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute,Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changsha 410125,PRC)

机构地区：[1]湖南省农业科学院农业生物技术研究所,湖南长沙410125

出　　处：《湖南农业科学》2022年第6期100-104,共5页Hunan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：长沙市自然科学基金资助项目(kq2014168);财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系资助项目(CARS-16-E19);湖南省重点实验室项目(2015TP1016)。

摘　　要：植物源除草剂是利用自然界中植物产生的具有除草生物活性的代谢产物为主要来源的一种生物源除草剂,是农业绿色发展的方向之一。总结归纳了植物源除草剂的研发现状、研发资源和研发过程中的挑战。目前已知的具有除草活性的化感物质的植物2000种以上,但近5年来在研发的76种新农药中仅4种植物源农药,且均属于杀虫剂和杀菌剂。植物分泌物和植物腐解化感作用的研究主要集中在作物或绿肥。因此,除草活性化合物作用机制的研究及作物、绿肥以外的其他植物的分泌物和腐解产物方面的扩展研究是未来植物源除草剂研究的方向。Botanical herbicides are a kind of biological herbicides that use plant metabolites as the main source,and these metabolites usually show the herbicidal biological activity.Botanical herbicides are one of the directions of green development of agriculture.This paper summarizes the status,resources,and challenges during the process of the research and development of botanical herbicides.At present,there are more than 2000 known plants with allelochemicals of herbicidal activities.However,among the 76 new pesticides developed in the pastfive years,only four pesticides are botanical pesticides and all belong to insecticides and/or fungicides.The studies of allelopathy of plant secretions and plant decomposition products were mainly focused on crops or green manure.Therefore,the study of the action mechanism of herbicidal active compounds and the extended study of secretions and decomposition products of plants other than crops and green manure will be one of the study directions of botanical herbicides in the future.

关 键 词：植物源除草剂 化感物质 绿色农业 综述 

分 类 号：S482.4[农业科学—农药学]