南极布兰斯菲尔德海峡磷虾渔场夏秋季汤氏纽鳃樽食物组成及其影响因素研究  

Factors influencing food composition of salp(Salpa thompsoni)in krill fishing ground of the Bransfield Strait,Antarctica

作　　者：廖丹枫 方倩 朱国平[1,2,3,4] LIAO Danfeng;FANG Qian;ZHU Guoping(College of Marine Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Center for Polar Research,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Polar Marine Ecosystem Laboratory,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;National Engineering Research Center for Oceanic Fisheries,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海201306 [2]上海海洋大学极地研究中心,上海201306 [3]上海海洋大学,大洋渔业资源可持续开发教育部重点实验室极地海洋生态系统研究室,上海201306 [4]上海海洋大学,国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心,上海210306

出　　处：《水产学报》2022年第3期402-409,共8页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1406801);国家自然科学基金(41776185)。

摘　　要：为了研究南极磷虾渔场汤氏纽鳃樽的食物组成及其影响因素,实验基于2020年3—4月在布兰斯菲尔德海峡采集到的汤氏纽鳃樽样本,通过分析肠道内容物确定了其食物组成,并进一步分析了其食性的月间以及生活史阶段间差异。结果发现,汤氏纽鳃樽主要摄食硅藻和浮游动物,还少量摄食纤毛虫、原生动物等,优势饵料为羽状环毛藻;汤氏纽鳃樽的摄食存在着月间差异,表现为3月大量摄食优势硅藻即羽状环毛藻,而4月末羽状环毛藻的摄食数量显著降低。此外,汤氏纽鳃樽的摄食还存在着显著的生活史阶段差异。本研究结果可为南大洋汤氏纽鳃樽的食性研究提供参考,为阐明汤氏纽鳃樽与南极磷虾间的营养关系提供基础数据。Salpa thompsoni is an important tunica filter feeder in the Southern Ocean,which plays a significant role in the Antarctic marine food web.S.thompsoni and Antarctic krill(Euphausia superba)compete for similar diets.Therefore,in order to study the factor influencing food composition of S.thompsoni in the fishing ground of Antarctic krill fishery,based on the specimens collected from the Bransfield Strait from March to April 2020,this study identified the food composition of this species,and further analyzed the difference in feeding habits between months and life history stages.The results showed that S.thompsoni mainly fed on diatoms and zooplankton,and a small number of ciliates and protozoa.C.pennatum is dominant in the diet of S.thompsoni.Seasonal differences occurred in diet of S.thompsoni.Specifically,the feeding quantity of diatom,i.e.,C.pennatum,which is dominant in March,decreased significantly at the end of April.The diet composition of S.thompsoni changed significantly between solitary and aggregating stages.This study is expected to provide a reference for the study of feeding habits of S.thompsoni in the Southern Ocean,and to provide basic information for clarifying the trophic relationship between S.thompsoni and Euphausia superba.

关 键 词：汤氏纽鳃樽 肠道内容物分析 食性 南极磷虾渔场 布兰斯菲尔德海峡 南极 

分 类 号：S932.8[农业科学—渔业资源]