飞机部件数字化调姿定位测量点的优选与构造算法  

Optimization and construction algorithm of measuring points for digital attitude adjusting and positioning of aircraft components

作　　者：巴晓甫 薛红前[1] 李西宁[1] BA Xiaofu;XUE Hongqian;LI Xining(School of Mechatronic Engineering,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi'an 710072,China;Department of Manufacturing Engineering,AVIC Xi'an Aircraft Industry Group Company Ltd.,Xi'an 710089,China)

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学机电学院,西安710072 [2]中航西安飞机工业集团股份有限公司制造工程部,西安710089

出　　处：《航空学报》2022年第5期64-76,共13页Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(91860206);数字化调姿定位技术与装备(CA-Y21-1500-01ACT7)。

摘　　要：数字化调姿定位系统中飞机部件的位姿常通过固连在部件上的测量点的坐标来控制,依据测量点在调姿定位前的实际坐标和调姿定位后的理论坐标将飞机部件从初始位姿调整到目标位姿。由于实际工况中测量点之间的实际长度与理论长度存在偏差,甚至存在超差,如果不对测量点及其坐标数据进行处理,将会产生较大的调姿定位系统内力,也将影响调姿定位精度。为提高飞机部件调姿定位的整体精度,降低调姿过程中的系统内力,提出一种测量点的优选和构造算法,以测量点在调姿定位前、后的实际坐标和理论坐标作为输入条件,分析实际工况中测量点的位置偏离状态,构建测量点的优选判据,计算并确定优选的测量点。在此基础上,将实际工况中的优选测量点匹配构造到理论坐标处,使构造点处于其理论点的公差盒内,并使构造点与理论点的距离的平方和最小。试验结果表明:经过测量点的优选和构造,飞机部件调姿定位过程中的系统内力减少到无优选和构造情况下的4.4%,并使得满足理论坐标及其公差要求的测量点的数量较无优选和构造情况提高了30%。In the aircraft digital assembly process,the position and attitude of the aircraft components is usually controlled by the coordinates of the measuring points fixed on the components.The aircraft component would be adjusted from its initial attitude to the target one according to the attitude and position relationship between the actual coordinates of the measuring points located on aircraft component and the theoretical coordinates.In actual working conditions,the actual length between the measuring points would be deviated from the theoretical length,or even out of tolerance,which could cause a large internal force to the system during the attitude adjusting and positioning,and affect the accuracy of the attitude adjustment for an aircraft component.To improve the overall accuracy of the aircraft component’s attitude adjustment,and reduce the system’s internal force in the attitude adjustment process,a method for optimizing measuring points is presented in this work.The deviation calculation between measuring points fixed on aircraft components and the theoretical coordinates is presented in details,and the optimized measuring points are finally determined by constructing the optimization criterion of the measuring points.Furthermore,the optimized measuring points are matched to the theoretical coordinates,so that the error of the construction points are within the design tolerance,and the sum of the squares of the distances between the construction points and the target points are minimized.The results show that there are more measuring points whose position accuracy met the design requirement.After optimization and algorithm construction of measured points,the numbers of effective measuring points could be increased by 30% and the internal force of the system during the attitude adjustment and positioning of the aircraft components is reduced by 4.4% of that without optimization and configuration.

关 键 词：调姿定位 测量点 整体精度 系统内力 优选算法 构造算法 

分 类 号：V262[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航制造工程]