中药活性成分生物合成研究及应用  

Biosynthetic pathway of active components in traditional Chinese medicine and its application

作　　者：马莹[1] 赵瑜君 马晓晶[1] 郭娟 黄璐琦[1] MA Ying;ZHAO YuJun;MA XiaoJing;GUO Juan;HUANG LuQi(State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs,National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100700,China)

机构地区：[1]中国中医科学院中药资源中心,道地药材国家重点实验室,北京100700

出　　处：《中国科学：生命科学》2022年第6期894-907,共14页Scientia Sinica(Vitae)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:81822046,82003904);国家重点研发计划(批准号:2020YFA0908000);中央本级重大增减支项目(批准号:2060302);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(批准号:ZZ13-YQ-083-A1)资助。

摘　　要：中药活性成分是中药发挥药效的物质基础,也是创新药物的来源,主要提取自药用植物.但植物中药用活性成分含量低、结构类似物多、分离纯化困难等因素限制了中药活性成分的深入研究及开发应用.挖掘中药活性成分生物合成过程中的关键催化元件,解析其生物合成途径,不仅对探讨中药成药性机制、道地性形成具有重要指导意义,也为通过现代生物技术方法,进一步可持续开发和利用中药活性成分奠定基础.本文将重点阐述中药活性成分生物合成途径的研究思路及重点研究方向,并从其合成生物学与代谢工程两个方向的应用进行探讨,为中药活性成分的开发利用提供新的思路,推动中医药现代化研究.The active components are not only the material basis for traditional Chinese medicine,but also the source of new drug development.They are mainly extracted from medicinal plants.However,the low content of active components,accumulation of structural analogues,and difficulty in separation and purification limit the in-depth research,development and application of active components of traditional Chinese medicine.Biosynthetic pathway analysis of active components of traditional Chinese medicine not only has important guiding significance for exploring the formation of traditional Chinese medicine,but also lays a foundation for further sustainable development and utilization of active components of traditional Chinese medicine through modern biotechnology methods.Here,we review the biosynthetic pathway analysis of active components of traditional Chinese medicine,as well as its application in synthetic biology and metabolic engineering.It will provide a new perspective for the development and utilization of active components of traditional Chinese medicine,and promote the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine.

关 键 词：中药活性成分 生物合成元件 生物合成途径 中药活性成分细胞工厂 合成生物学 药用植物代谢工程 

分 类 号：R284[医药卫生—中药学]