牡丹江流域蛇鮈的两性异形模式及雌性个体生殖力研究  

Sexual dimorphism pattern and female individual fecundity of Saurogobio dabryi in Mudanjiang river basin

作　　者：李殿伟[1] 彭婷 刘佳慧 孟繁星 刘阳 姚旭 LI Dianwei;PENG Ting;LIU Jiahui;MENG Fanxing;LIU Yang;YAO Xu(College of Life Sciences and Technology,Mudanjiang Normal University,Mudanjiang 157011,China)

机构地区：[1]牡丹江师范学院生命科学与技术学院,黑龙江牡丹江157011

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2022年第12期115-120,共6页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(SS2021C006);黑龙江省高校基本科研业务费科研项目(1451PT007);牡丹江师范学院2020年科技创新项目(kjcx2020-58mdjnu)。

摘　　要：为了解牡丹江流域蛇鮈的两性异形模式和雌性个体生殖力,试验通过捕捞方式在牡丹江流域渤海镇段采集蛇鮈79尾,其中雄鱼34尾,雌鱼45尾,测定雌雄个体29个形态特征指标,并比较雌雄鱼之间差异,对除全长和去内脏体重的27个指标进行主成分分析;对雌性个体卵巢进行观察和计数,测定生殖力指标(绝对怀卵数、单位体长的怀卵数、单位去内脏体重的怀卵数),并对绝对怀卵数与体重、去内脏体重、全长和体长的关系进行回归分析。结果表明:蛇鮈雄鱼平均体长为96.30 mm,平均体重为12.76 g;雌鱼平均体长为99.21 mm,平均体重为15.13 g,雌鱼的全长、体长、体重、去内脏体重均略大于雄鱼,但差异不显著(P>0.05);在头部特征中,雄鱼的头宽显著大于雌鱼(P<0.05),其余形态特征均差异不显著(P>0.05);在躯干部特征中,雌鱼的体高、背吻距、胸腹距均极显著大于雄鱼(P<0.01),雄鱼的胸鳍高、胸鳍长、背鳍长、臀鳍长和臀腹鳍间距均极显著大于雌鱼(P<0.01),其余形态特征均差异不显著(P>0.05);在尾部特征中,雄鱼的尾鳍长显著大于雌鱼(P<0.05),其余形态部位差异不显著(P>0.05)。提取的前4个成分的累计贡献率为74.345%,其中成分1的贡献率最大,为53.538%,对成分1贡献较大的指标包括为体重、体长、头长、背吻距和头高;成分2的贡献率为11.160%,对成分2贡献较大的指标包括尾柄宽、臀鳍高、眼径、背鳍高、背尾距、胸鳍长;成分3的贡献率为5.646%,眼间距、背尾距和尾柄长为主要贡献指标;成分4的贡献率为4.001%,尾鳍长为主要贡献指标;27个指标中,尾柄宽、臀鳍高、眼径、背鳍高、背尾距、尾鳍长和尾柄长与其他形态特征指标距离较远。雌鱼个体绝对怀卵数、单位去内脏体重的怀卵数和单位体长的怀卵数平均值分别为9 037粒、91.13粒/g和784.48粒/mm;且雌性个体绝对怀卵数与体重、去内脏体重、全长和体In order to understand the sexual dimorphism pattern and female individual fecundity of Saurogobio dabryi in Mudanjiang River Basin, seventy-nine fish were collected in the Bohai Sea town of the Mudanjiang River Basin, including 34 males and 45 females, 29 morphological indexes of female and male individuals were determined. The differences between female and male individuals were compared. Principal component analysis was carried out for 27 indexes except total length and evisceration weight. The ovaries of female individuals were observed and counted, the indexes of fecundity(absolute number of eggs, number of eggs per body length and number of eggs per body weight without viscera) were measured. The relationship between absolute number of eggs and body weight, eviscerated body weight, total length and body length was analyzed by regression analysis. The results showed that the average length of male Saurogobio dabryi was 96.30 mm, the average weight of female Saurogobio dabryi was 12.76 g. The average length of females was 99.21 mm, and the average weight of females was 15.13 g. The total length, body length, body weight and eviscerated weight of females were slightly higher than those of males, but the differences were not significant(P>0.05). In the head characteristics, the head width of males was significantly larger than that of females(P<0.05), but there were no significant differences in other morphological features(P>0.05). In terms of the characteristics of trunk, the height, distance between back and snout, distance between chest and abdomen of females were significantly higher than that of males(P<0.01);the height, length, length of pectoral fin, anal fin and distance between buttock and abdomen of males were significantly higher than that of females(P<0.01), and the other morphological characteristics had no significant differences(P>0.05). In tail characteristics, the caudal fin length of male was significantly larger than that of females(P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in other m

关 键 词：蛇鮈 两性异形 生殖力 性选择 生殖力选择 

分 类 号：S91[农业科学—水产科学]