镓基液态金属用作润滑剂的研究现状  

Research Progress of Gallium-based Liquid Metals as Lubricant

作　　者：于源[1,2,3] 乔竹辉 徐铁伟[4] 张晓帆 李彤阳 王鲁杰 刘维民 YU Yuan;QIAO Zhuhui;XU Tiewei;ZHANG Xiaofan;LI Tongyang;WANG Lujie;LIU Weimin(State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication,Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;Shangdong Laboratory of Yantai Advanced Materials and Green Manufacture,Yantai 264006,China;Yantai Zhongke Research Institute of Advanced Materials and Green Chemical Engineering,Yantai 264006,China;School of Mechanical&Automotive Engineering,Qingdao University of Technology,Qingdao 266000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所固体润滑国家重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000 [2]烟台先进材料与绿色制造山东省实验室,山东烟台264006 [3]烟台中科先进材料与绿色化工产业技术研究院,山东烟台264006 [4]青岛理工大学机械与汽车工程学院,山东青岛266000

出　　处：《铸造技术》2022年第6期401-409,共9页Foundry Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFB2000100);山东省基础研究重大项目(ZR2020ZD29);山东省杰出青年项目(ZR2021JQ20);中国科学院青年创新促进会(2021423);甘肃省青年科技基金计划(20JR10RA056);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2021ME168)。

摘　　要：镓基液态金属具有无毒、低熔点、低饱和蒸气压、流动性好、热稳定性好,高导热性和导电性等优势,是核工业、航空航天工业、医疗器械领域的某些极端摩擦条件下的理想液态冷却剂和润滑剂。围绕镓基液态金属的润滑性能,综述了镓基液态金属的物理化学性能(润湿性、表面张力、熔点、导热系数)和制备方式,介绍了镓基液态金属的润滑性能特征和相关应用,总结了镓基液态金属润滑性能的影响因素和优化方式。展望了对镓基液态金属作为润滑剂的未来发展趋势。Gallium-based liquid metal has the advantages of non-toxic,low melting point,low saturated vapor pressure,good fluidity,good thermal stability,high thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity,etc.It is an ideal liquid coolant and lubricant in some extreme friction conditions in the nuclear industry,aerospace industry and medical equipment field.Based on the lubrication performance of gallium-based liquid metal,the physical and chemical properties(wettability,surface tension,melting point,thermal conductivity)and preparation methods of gallium-based liquid metal were reviewed.The lubrication characteristics and related applications of gallium-based liquid metal were introduced.The influencing factors and optimization methods of gallium-based liquid metal lubrication performance were summarized.Finally,the future development trend of gallium-based liquid metal as lubricant is prospected.

关 键 词：镓基液态金属 润滑 影响因素 优化方式 

分 类 号：TG146.431[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]