仔獭兔饲料中猕猴桃枝条粉适宜添加量的研究  

Study on the optimal addition level of kiwifruit branch powder in the diet of young rex rabbits

作　　者：傅祥超[1] 王丽焕[1] 刘汉中[1] 张凯[1] 徐昌文[1] 刘宁[1] 余志菊[1] 郭小林[1] 文斌[1] FU Xiangchao;WANG Lihuan;LIU Hanzhong;ZHANG Kai;XU Changwen;LIU Ning;YU Zhiju;GUO Xiaolin;WEN Bin(Sichuan Academy of Grassland Science,Chengdu 611430,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省草原科学研究院,成都611430

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2022年第9期124-131,135,共9页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：四川省科技计划重点研发项目(2019YFN0154);四川省科技计划基本科研业务费项目;四川省科技计划“十四五”兔育种攻关项目(2021YFYZ0033);国家兔产业技术体系项目(CARS-43-A-3)。

摘　　要：为了明确猕猴桃枝条粉是否能添加在獭兔饲料中并确定其适宜的添加量,以促进猕猴桃种植废弃物循环利用,同时降低养殖成本,试验将(40±3)日龄断奶健康川白獭兔仔兔210只平均分为5组,每组7个重复,每个重复6只,分别为对照组(不添加枝条粉)、6%枝条粉组、12%枝条粉组、18%枝条粉组和24%枝条粉组,各组日粮营养水平基本保持一致,预试期7 d,正试期28 d,在正试期测定生产性能、发病率,试验结束每组屠宰8只取样,测定肠道形态、消化酶活性、养分表观消化率及免疫相关指标。结果表明:在猕猴桃枝条粉添加量不大于12%时,添加猕猴桃枝条粉对日增重,料重比,小肠绒毛高度和隐窝深度,淀粉酶和蛋白酶活性,养分转运PEPT-1和SGLT-1基因mRNA表达量,回肠末端养分消化率,腹泻发生率及死亡率,免疫器官指数,细胞因子IL-4、IL-10、IL-1β和TNF-αmRNA表达水平均无显著影响(P>0.05)。当猕猴桃枝条粉添加量大于12%时,养分消化吸收相关功能均不同程度降低,并伴随生产性能的降低,同时死亡率显著增加(P<0.05),肠道表现一定程度的形态损伤及炎性反应。说明可以在獭兔日粮中添加猕猴桃枝条粉,添加量不宜超过12%。In order to determine whether kiwifruit branch powder can be added to rex rabbit diet and determine its appropriate dosage,so as to promote kiwifruit planting waste recycling and reduce the feed cost for rex rabbit production,in this study,210 healthy weaned Chuan bai rex rabbits aged 40±3 days were divided into 5 groups with 7 replicates per group and 6 rabbits per replicate,namely,the control group(0 branch powder),6%branch powder group,12%branch powder group,18%branch powder group and 24%branch powder group.The main dietary nutrients in each group were basically the same.The prefeeding period was 7 d,and the experiment was conducted for 28 days.The production performance and morbidity were measured during normal feeding period.At the end of the experiment,8 rabbits in each group were slaughtered and sampled,and intestinal morphology,digestive enzyme activities,nutrient apparent digestibility and immune-related indexes were determined.The results showed that when kiwifruit branch powder supplemental level was not more than 12%,kiwifruit branch powder had no significant effect on main indices including daily gain,feed/gain,villus height and crypt depth in small intestine,amylase and protease activity in small intestine,the mRNA expression levels for nutrient transporters(PEPT-1 and SGLT-1)and cytokines(IL-4,IL-10,IL-1βand TNF-α),digestibility for nutrients at the terminal ileum(P>0.05),incidence and mortality of diarrhoea,and immune organ index(P>0.05).When the kiwifruit branch powder supplemental level was higher than 12%,the functions related to nutrient digestion and absorption were significantly decreased to varying degrees,accompanied by the decrease of production performance,the mortality was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the intestinal tract showed morphological damage and inflammatory reaction to a certain extent.The results indicated that the kiwifruit branch powder could be added into the rabbit diet,and the amount should not exceed 12%.

关 键 词：猕猴桃枝条粉 獭兔 生长性能 腹泻 免疫功能 

分 类 号：S816.5[农业科学—饲料科学]