托卡马克钨偏滤器基本物理问题  

The main physical issues of the tungsten divertor in tokamak

作　　者：桑超峰 周庆瑞 王真厚 张彦杰 赵学乐 王策 SANG Chaofeng;ZHOU Qingrui;WANG Zhenhou;ZHANG Yanjie;ZHAO Xuele;WANG Ce(School of Physics,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China)

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学物理学院,辽宁大连116024

出　　处：《南昌大学学报（理科版）》2022年第3期277-294,共18页Journal of Nanchang University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFA0402501);国家优秀青年科学基金项目(12122503)。

摘　　要：偏滤器是托卡马克中用于排除氦灰和粒子的主要部件,也是发生等离子体与壁材料相互作用最强烈的区域。钨材料被认为是偏滤器的主要候选材料,现在世界上的主要托卡马克装置都开始重点关注钨偏滤器条件下放电特性。长脉冲高功率运行对钨偏滤器的要求包括:沉积到偏滤器靶板能流得到有效控制、钨靶板侵蚀和钨杂质输运的理解、钨杂质聚芯和燃料在钨材料中滞留的抑制。通常要求钨偏滤器具有较强的热辐射能力,从而在能量沉积到偏滤器靶板前将其辐射掉,同时降低入射到靶板的粒子能量。本文回顾了钨偏滤器基本物理问题的研究进展,包括器壁材料对偏滤器能量辐射和脱靶的影响,外加杂质注入脱靶,钨靶板侵蚀的主要影响因素,钨杂质输运和聚芯,边界局域模对钨靶板的影响和燃料在钨靶板中的滞留。The divertor is the main component of the tokamak for helium and particle removal.At the divertor target,the most intense plasma-wall interactions occur.Tungsten(W)is foreseen as the main plasma-facing material(PFM)in modern fusion devices due to its beneficial properties.The main currentworldwide tokamaks start to focus on the investigation of discharge characteristic of the tungsten device.For the long-pulse high-power operation,the requirements to the tungsten divertor are:the significant reduction of the heat load to the divertor target,the understanding of the tungsten target erosion and corresponding tungsten impurity transport,the suppression of the accumulation of tungsten impurity in the core region,and the control of the fuel retention inside the tungsten material.To this end,the present paper reviews the main progresses of the tungsten divertor studies,including:the influence of the plasma-facing material on the divertor power dissipation and detachment,the impurity seeding operation in tungsten divertor,the erosion of the tungsten divertor,the tungsten impurity transport and core accumulation,the influence of edge localized modes on the tungsten divertor and the fuel retention inside the target.

关 键 词：托卡马克 偏滤器 等离子体 钨 

分 类 号：O53[理学—等离子体物理]