蒙古牛线粒体DNA全基因组遗传多样性与起源研究  

The Genetic Diversity of Mitochondrial DNA Genome of Mongolian Cattle

作　　者：陈嘉磊 夏小婷 肖正中[2] 陈宁博[1] 雷初朝[1] CHEN Jia-lei;XIA Xiao-ting;XIAO Zheng-zhong;CHEN Ning-bo;LEI Chu-zhao(College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100;The Animal Husbandry Research Institute of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, 530001)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学动物科技学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]广西壮族自治区畜牧研究所,广西南宁530001

出　　处：《中国牛业科学》2022年第3期6-9,共4页China Cattle Science

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-37)。

摘　　要：[目的]通过对蒙古牛线粒体DNA(mtDNA)的基因组进行测序,探究蒙古牛的mtDNA基因组遗传多样性与母系起源。[方法]采用DNA提取、三代测序及生物信息学方法。[结果]在36头蒙古牛mtDNA全基因组序列中,共检测到22种不同的单倍型,平均单倍型多样度(Hd)为0.970,平均核苷酸多样度(Pi)为0.00845,表明蒙古牛有丰富的母系遗传多样性。构建的IQ系统发育树发现,蒙古牛具有瘤牛和普通牛两个母系支系。[结论]蒙古牛有丰富的母系遗传多样性,拥有普通牛和瘤牛两个母系起源,以普通牛起源为主。[Objective]To explore the genetic diversity and maternal origin of Mongolian Cattle by sequencing the genomes of Mongolian cattle mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA).[Method]DNA extraction,three generation sequencing and Bioinformatics methods were used.[Result]In the whole genome sequence of mtDNA from 36 Mongolian cattle,22 mtDNA haplotypes were defined.The average haplotype diversity(Hd)was 0.970,and the average nucleotide diversity(Pi)was 0.00845,indicating that Mongolian Cattle had relatively rich maternal genetic diversity.The constructed IQ phylogenetic tree showed that Mongolian cattle had two maternal origins:taurine and indicus cattle.[Conclusion]Mongolian cattle had rich maternal genetic diversity.The phylogenetic analysis showed that Mongolian cattle had two female branches,taurine and indicine,mainly taurine cattle.

关 键 词：蒙古牛 MTDNA 遗传多样性 母系起源 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]