黄河口治理发展回顾与展望  

Review and prospect of Yellow River estuary management

作　　者：凡姚申 窦身堂[1] 王广州 王开荣[1] FAN Yaoshen;DOU Shentang;WANG Guangzhou;WANG Kairong(Key Laboratory of Lower Yellow River Sediment of Ministry of Water Resources,Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research,Zhengzhou 450003,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]黄河水利科学研究院水利部黄河下游河道与河口治理重点实验室,河南郑州450003

出　　处：《水利发展研究》2022年第5期48-53,共6页Water Resources Development Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U2243207,52079056);中央级科研院所基本科研业务费专项项目(HKY-JBYW-2020-06,HKY-JBYW-2020-11)。

摘　　要：1855年以来,黄河口治理经历了被动防洪阶段、除害兴利阶段、维护河口健康生命阶段和建设幸福河口阶段等四个主要发展阶段,取得了一系列治理成效。新时期黄河口治理需要立足现状,针对依然存在的流路不稳定、海岸演化不平衡、生态环境脆弱、社会经济发展协同不足等问题,在国家系统治水理念指导下,结合黄河综合治理战略与未来水沙情势,统筹河口地区防洪保安、生态保护和社会经济发展。在防洪保安方面要构建长期稳定的流路运用与防洪防潮协同的水安全保障体系,在生态保护方面要形成水资源刚性约束下的生态调度与生态用水配置体系,在社会经济发展方面要优化彰显大河文明的河口文明利用与资源要素均衡支撑体系。Since 1855, the management of the Yellow River estuary has undergone four main development stages: flood control and security guarantee, eliminating harm and harnessing benefits, maintaining its healthy life and building a happy Yellow River estuary. The management efforts have witnessed positive results. In the new era, the governance of the Yellow River estuary needs to be based on the current situation and aim at addressing existing problems, such as unstable flow paths, unbalanced coastal evolution, fragile ecological environment and insufficient coordination of social and economic development. Under the guidance of integrated governance, based on a comprehensive governance strategy of the Yellow River and future water and sediment situation, we need to coordinate flood control, ecological protection and socio-economic development of the estuarine area. The philosophy of systematic governance of the Yellow River estuary in the new stage is as follows: in terms of flood control, it is necessary to build a long-term and stable water disaster guarantee system with coordinated use of flow paths, flood control and tide prevention. In terms of ecological protection, it is imperative to form an ecological regulation and ecological water allocation system under the rigid constraints of water resources. In terms of social and economic development, we need to optimize a system that highlights sublime civilization of the Yellow River and featuring balanced utilization of resources.

关 键 词：黄河口 防洪保安 生态保护 河口地区发展 河口系统治理 

分 类 号：TV213.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源]