Seasonal variations in the composition and functional profiles of gut microbiota reflect dietary changes in plateau pikas  

作　　者：Chao FAN Liangzhi ZHANG Shangang JIA Xianjiang TANG Haibo FU Wenjing LI Chuanfa LIU He ZHANG Qi CHENG Yanming ZHANG 

机构地区：[1]Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota,Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xining,China [2]College of Life Sciences,Qufu Normal University,Qufu,China [3]Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Ecological Genomics,Xining,China [4]University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,China [5]College of Grassland Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing,China

出　　处：《Integrative Zoology》2022年第3期379-395,共17页整合动物学（英文版）

基　　金：supported by the Grant from CAS No.152111KYSB20160089;Qinghai innovation platform construction project by Chinese Academy of Sciences(2021-ZJ-Y01);the project of western light for interdisciplinary team;Science and Technology Department of Qinghai Province Major Project“Sanjiangyaun National Park Animal Genome Program”;the Natural Science Foundation of Qinghai Province(2019-ZJ-7024).

摘　　要：Seasonal variations in gut microbiota of small mammals and how they are influenced by environmental variables are relatively poorly understood.We sampled 162 wild plateau pikas(Ochotona curzoniae)in 4 seasons over 2 and a half years and recorded the air temperature,precipitation,and nutrient content in edible vegetation at the sampling site.After conducting 16S rRNA and shotgun metagenomic sequencing,we found that the highest alpha diversity,the relative abundance of Firmicutes,and the simplest co-occurrence network occurred in winter,whereas the highest relative abundance of Proteobacteria and the most complex network structure were observed in spring.The highest relative abundance of Verrucomicrobiota and Spirochaetota was seen in summer and autumn,respectively.Air temperature,precipitation,and the contents of crude protein,crude fiber,and polysaccharide in vegetation had significant effects on the seasonal changes in gut microbiota.Diet contributed more to microbial variation than climatic factors.Metagenomic analysis revealed that the amino acid metabolism pathway and axillary activity enzymes were most abundant in summer,while abundance of carbohydrate-binding modules and carbohydrate esterases was highest in spring.These microbial variations were related to the changes in dietary nutrition,indicating that gut microbiota of plateau pika contribute to the efficient use of food resources.This study provides new evidence of how external environmental factors affect the intestinal environment of small mammals.

关 键 词：16S rRNA gene gut microbiota plateau pikas(Ochotona curzoniae) seasonal variation shotgun metagenomic sequencing 

分 类 号：Q95[生物学—动物学]