Kinematics of whip spider pedipalps: a 3D comparative morpho-functional approach  

作　　者：Michel SCHMIDT Roland R.MELZER Russell D.C.BICKNELL 

机构地区：[1]Bavarian State Collection of Zoology,Bavarian Natural History Collections,Munich,Germany [2]Department Biology II,Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München,Munich,Germany [3]GeoBio-Center,Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München,Munich,Germany [4]Palaeoscience Research Centre,School of Environmental and Rural Science,University of New England,Armidale,Australia

出　　处：《Integrative Zoology》2022年第1期156-167,共12页整合动物学（英文版）

基　　金：supported by funding from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft,Award Number:Me 2683/10-1(to MS);an Australian Research Council Discovery grant(DP200102005);a UNE Postdoctoral Research Fellowship(to RDCB).

摘　　要：Amblypygi are tropical and subtropical ambush predators that use elongated,raptorial pedipalps for different activities.Although pedipalp use in predation and courtship has been explored in videography in vivo analyses,kinematic ex vivo examination of these appendages has not been conducted.Here,we rectify this lack of data by using microCT scans to 3D-kinematically model the appendage morphology and the range of motion(ROM)of the joints for Damon medius and Heterophrynus elaphus.We illustrate the successful application of this technique to terrestrial euarthropods in determining the maximum ROM values for each pedipalp joint.We also note that,in life,these values would be lower due to motion restricting structures like tendons,arthrodial membranes,and muscles.We further compare our maximum values obtained here with data from video-based motion analyses.The ROM of each joint shows the greatest flexibility in the femur-tibia joint(140–150°),the lowest in the basitarsus-claw joint(35–40°).ROM in the tibia-basitarsus joint is markedly distinct(D.medius:44°;H.elaphus:105°).This disparity reflects how H.elaphus uses the joint in the capture basket,while D.medius uses the femur-tibia joint to form the capture basket.We further illustrate notable vertical motion of the H.elaphus pedipalp compared to D.medius.This difference reflects the retro-ventral trochanter apophysis of H.elaphus.Our study opens the possibility to further whip spider kinematic understanding.Examination of other taxa using this approach will result in a more comprehensive understanding of the ecological significance and ethological implications of this unique arachnid group.

关 键 词：3D kinematic analyses Amblypygi arthropod joints Autodesk Maya Damon medius Heterophrynus elaphus range of motion analyses 

分 类 号：Q95[生物学—动物学]