2019—2020年天津市中学生抑郁现况及影响因素分析  

Prevalence and risk factors of depression among middle school students in Tianjin in 2019-2020

作　　者：孙志颖 刘忠慧[1] 徐渴 冯宝佳[1] 符刚[1] 侯常春[1] SUN Zhi-ying;LIU Zhong-hui;XYE Ke;FENG Bao-jia;FU Gang;HOU Chang-chun(Institute of Environment and Health,Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Tianjin 300011,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市疾病预防控制中心环境与健康室,天津300011

出　　处：《公共卫生与预防医学》2022年第4期152-155,共4页Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine

基　　金：天津市卫生行业高层次人才青年医学新锐项目(2018);天津市卫生健康科技项目(RK20004)。

摘　　要：目的为了解天津市中学生抑郁现况及其影响因素,并为儿童青少年抑郁的干预提供理论依据。方法于2019年和2020年9月采用分层整群抽样方法抽取32380名中学生进行面对面问卷调查,问卷内容包括学生基本信息、抑郁症状、健康状况、生活行为习惯、受伤害、网络成瘾情况。采用T检验、卡方检验对抑郁影响因素进行单因素分析,logistic逐步回归进行多因素分析。结果2019—2020年天津市中学生抑郁检出率为20.48%,女生高于男生,城区高于农村。多因素回归结果显示吸烟、校园欺凌、家长打骂、网络成瘾、伤害、城区、女性、生病、贫血、甜食是抑郁发生风险的危险因素,水果、蔬菜、早餐、高强度运动是保护因素。遭受校园欺凌、家长打骂的OR分别为4.71(95%CI:3.84~5.79)、2.94(95%CI:2.72~3.18);网络成瘾学生抑郁OR为2.76(95%CI:2.30~3.11);贫血学生抑郁OR为1.68(95%CI:1.36~2.07);与每天不吸烟相比,每天吸烟不到1支、1~11支、11~20支抑郁OR分别为1.83(95%CI:0.75~2.44)、1.64(95%CI:0.94~2.84)、1.92(95%CI:1.51~2.44)。结论天津市中学生抑郁水平居中,干预应从培养学生良好的生活行为习惯和健康的体魄、提供良好的家庭氛围和校园环境多方面综合干预。Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of depression among middle school students in Tianjin,and to provide the evidence for making targeted prevention of depression.Methods In September 2019 and September 2020,the stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 32380 middle school students in Tianjin for face-to-face questionnaire survey,which included the basic information,depressive symptoms,health status,life and behavior habits,injuries,and Internet addiction in the previous week.Theχ^(2)test,t test,univariate and multivariate logistic stepwise regression were used to analyze the data.Results From^(2)019 to 2020,the prevalence of depression among middle school students in Tianjin was 20.48%,with higher prevalence in girls than in boys and higher prevalence in urban areas than in suburban areas.Multivariate regression results show that smoking,school bullying,parental abuse,Internet addiction,injury,urban area,female,sickness,anemia and sweets are risk factors for depression;fruits,vegetables,breakfast,high Intensive exercise are protective factors.The OR(95%CI)of depression of school bullying and parental beating and scolding were 4.71(95%CI:3.84-5.79)and 2.94(95%CI:2.72-3.18);the OR(95%CI)of depression of internet addiction students was 2.76(95%CI:2.30-3.11);the OR(95%CI)of depression in anemia students was 1.68(95%CI 1.36-2.07);compared with non-smokers,the odd ratio(OR)(95%CI)of depression for smoking less than 1 cigarette,1-11 cigarette,and 11-20 cigarette per day were 1.83(95%CI:0.75-2.44),1.64(95%CI:0.94-2.84),1.92(95%CI:1.51-2.44),respectively;Conclusion The depression level of middle school students in Tianjin is in the middle,and the intervention should be interfered from many aspects,such as cultivating students′good living behavior habits and healthy body,providing good family atmosphere and campus environment.

关 键 词：学生 抑郁 横断面研究 

分 类 号：R181[医药卫生—流行病学]