低品位铝土矿浮选脱硅提质研究  

Study on Flotation Desiliconization and Quality Improvement of Low Grade Bauxite

作　　者：李明晓 Li Mingxiao(School of Metallurgy and Mining,Kunming Metallurgy College,Kunming,Yunnan 650038)

机构地区：[1]昆明冶金高等专科学校冶金与矿业学院,云南昆明650038

出　　处：《非金属矿》2022年第3期66-69,共4页Non-Metallic Mines

基　　金：云南省高层次人才培养支持计划青年拔尖人才专项(YNWR-QNBJ-2019-086);昆明冶金高等专科学校博士科研启动基金(Xxrcxm202101)。

摘　　要：对原矿Al_(2)O_(3)品位为44.57%、SiO_(2)品位为9.24%的低铝、低铝硅比(4.82)铝土矿进行了工艺矿物学与浮选脱硅提质试验研究。结果表明,原矿中的铝矿物为一水硬铝石,含硅脉石矿物主要为高岭石,由于多数高岭石嵌布粒度较细,部分与一水硬铝石连生,且多数一水硬铝石与其他矿物接触关系较复杂,极大地增加了脱硅、提质、保铝的难度。通过浮选条件试验确定了较佳的工艺参数:原矿磨矿细度为-74μm占比85%,矿浆pH值为9。采用硅酸钠为含硅脉石矿物抑制剂,改性脂肪酸皂YZ-3为捕收剂,采用“一粗一扫三精”的闭路试验流程,获得精矿Al_(2)O_(3)品位为57.51%,回收率为70.22%,铝硅比由4.82提高至11.02。浮选工艺流程合理,药剂制度简单,为该铝土矿的开发利用提供了技术指导,并为同类型铝土矿资源的回收利用提供了参考。Process mineralogy,desiliconization and Upgrading flotation test were carried out for a low-Alumina and low aluminum-silicon ratio bauxite with Al_(2)O_(3) grade of 44.57%,SiO_(2) grade of 9.24%,aluminum-silicon ratio of 4.82.The results show that the aluminum mineral in the ore is diaspore,and the main silicious gangue mineral is kaolinite.Because most kaolinites have a fine disseminated particle size,some are also associated with diaspore,and the contact relationship between most diaspore and other minerals is complex,which greatly increases the difficulty of desiliconization,upgrading and aluminum preservation.The optimized process parameters are determined by the flotation conditions test.When the grinding fineness of raw ore is-74μm accounting for 85%,the pH value of pulp is 9,using sodium silicate as the depressant of siliceous gangue minerals,modified fatty acid soap YZ-3 as the collector,the closed-circuit test process of"one roughing,one scavenging and three cleanings"is adopted to obtain a bauxite concentrate with Al_(2)O_(3) grade of 57.51%,the recovery of 70.22%,and the aluminum-silicon ratio increase from 4.82 to 11.02.The flotation process is reasonable with the simple reagent system,which provides technical guidance for the development and industrial utilization of this bauxite and provides a reference for the recovery and industrial utilization of the same type of bauxite resources.

关 键 词：低品位 铝土矿 一水硬铝石 脱硅 浮选 

分 类 号：TD923[矿业工程—选矿]