盐边县不同海拔植烟土壤肥力变化分析  

Analysis on tobacco-planting soil fertility changes at different altitudes in Yanbian county

作　　者：熊维亮[1] 潘兴兵 冯文龙 刘余 袁家富[2] 徐祥玉[2] XIONG Wei-liang;PAN Xing-bing;FENG Wen-long;LIU Yu;YUAN Jia-fu;XU Xiang-yu(Panzhihua Branch,Sichuan Tobacco Company,Panzhihua 617026,Sichuan,China;Institute of Plant Protection,Soil and Fertilizer,Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhan 430064,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省烟草公司攀枝花市公司,四川攀枝花617026 [2]湖北省农业科学院植保土肥研究所,武汉430064

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2022年第12期31-37,共7页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：四川省烟草公司攀枝花市公司科技项目(川烟科[2018]2号)。

摘　　要：应用主成分分析和等间距聚类分析法对攀枝花市盐边县烟区不同海拔植烟土壤养分和肥力状况进行综合评价。结果表明,2009—2010年土壤pH和碱解氮适中,有机质、水溶性氯偏低,速效磷、速效钾、交换性钙、交换性镁丰富;2015—2017年pH稍有升高,有机质和水溶性氯稍有降低,速效磷、速效钾、交换性钙、交换性镁大幅度上升。2015—2017年土壤肥力综合得分(IFI)的变幅为0.24~0.84,变异系数较2009—2010年降低,IFI平均值为0.60,较2009—2010年提高;主要是中、低海拔IFI提高,高海拔降低;不同海拔高度土壤的综合肥力指标值大小表现为中海拔>高海拔>低海拔。2次普查结果显示,土壤养分各指标对肥力综合评价值贡献变异较大,表明连年化肥施用导致土壤养分不平衡加剧。Principal component analysis and equidistant cluster analysis were used to evaluate the status of soil nutrients and fertility in Yanbian county,Panzhihua city.The results showed that soil pH and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen were moderate,organic matter and water-soluble chlorine were low,and available phosphorus,available potassium,exchangeable calcium and exchangeable magnesium were abundant in soil from 2009 to 2010.From 2015 to 2017,pH increased slightly,organic matter and water-soluble chlorine de⁃creased slightly,and available phosphorus,available potassium,exchangeable calcium and exchangeable magnesium increased sig⁃nificantly;the variation range of soil fertility comprehensive score(IFI)in 2015—2017 was 0.24~0.84,and the coefficient of varia⁃tion was lower than that in 2009—2010.The average VALUE of IFI was 0.60,which was higher than that in 2009—2010;IFI in⁃creased at middle and low altitudes,but decreased at high altitudes;the comprehensive fertility index values of soil at different eleva⁃tions were in the order of middle altitude>high altitude>low altitude.The results of the two censuses showed that the contribution of each index of soil nutrients to the comprehensive evaluation value of fertility was significantly different,indicating that the continuous application of chemical fertilizer aggravated the soil nutrient imbalance.

关 键 词：海拔 土壤肥力 时空演变 综合评价 盐边县 

分 类 号：S66[农业科学—果树学] S436.639[农业科学—园艺学]