不同配置植被过滤带坡面氮磷流失过程的人工降雨试验研究  

Experimental study on nitrogen and phosphorus loss from slope in different vegetative filter strips by artificial rainfall

作　　者：由琴婧 张化永[1] 黄头生 张非凡 郑宇阳 周文蛟 YOU Qin-jing;ZHANG Hua-yong;HUANG Tou-sheng;ZHANG Fei-fan;ZHENG Yu-yang;ZHOU Wen-jiao(Research Center for Engineering Ecology and Nonlinear Science,North China Electric Power University,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学工程生态学与非线性科学研究中心,北京102206

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2022年第12期38-44,共7页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2017ZX07101003-06)。

摘　　要：植被过滤带是治理水土流失问题的有效工程措施之一。采用径流槽人工降雨试验,在不同坡度(5°、20°、35°)、降雨强度(30、60、90 mm/h)和植被过滤带设置方式(整块布设、两块布设)组合下,对侵蚀坡面径流和沉积物中的总氮、总磷含量在降雨历程中随时间的变化进行对比分析。结果表明,不同配置组合条件下的植被过滤带坡面总氮、总磷含量变化趋势并不完全一致,但个别组合之间变化趋势相同;降雨强度、坡度和植被带设置方式3种参数组合对植被过滤带氮磷去除作用的效果产生综合影响,与各单一因素的影响存在差异;在实际应用植被过滤带防治坡面水土流失时应与当地气候及地形条件相结合。该结果可为北方小流域侵蚀坡面水土保持治理及植被过滤带的选择和设计提供参考。Vegetative filter strip is one of the effective measures to control soil and water loss.In this research,the artificial rainfall ex⁃periment was carried out with soil tanks.Under different slope gradients(5°,20°,35°),rainfall intensities(30,60,90 mm/h)and vegetation setting modes(whole block arrangement,two pieces arrangement),the time variation of total nitrogen and total phosphorus content in runoff and sediment on the eroded slope was comparatively analyzed.The results showed that the change trend of total nitro⁃gen or total phosphorus content with time in different combinations was not completely consistent,but the change trend among individ⁃ual combinations was the same;the combination of rainfall intensity,slope gradient and vegetation setting mode had a comprehensive impact on the total nitrogen and total phosphorus removal by the vegetative filter strip,which was different from that of each single fac⁃tor;the application of vegetative filter strip on a slope should be combined with local climate and terrain conditions.The results of this study can provide a reference for the design of vegetative filter strip to prevent soil and water loss on the erosive slope of small water⁃sheds in northern China.

关 键 词：植被过滤带 侵蚀沟道 坡面径流及沉积物 氮磷流失 人工降雨 

分 类 号：S610[农业科学—园艺学]