基于眼动分析的个人与环境因素对寻路行为的影响研究--以沈阳建筑大学校园为例  

The Influence of Personal and Environmental Factors on Wayfinding Behavior Based on Eye Movement Analysis:Taking the Campus of Shenyang Jianzhu University as an Example

作　　者：叶英奇 屈海燕[1] 马艺萌 王康 Ye Yingqi;Qu Haiyan;Ma Yimeng;Wang Kang

机构地区：[1]沈阳建筑大学建筑与规划学院

出　　处：《华中建筑》2022年第7期83-89,共7页Huazhong Architecture

基　　金：辽宁省教育厅科学计划项目“‘健康中国’指导下的辽宁住区健康景观设计理论及方法研究”(编号:lnjc202001);国家自然科学基金项目“基于大气可吸入颗粒物消减的寒地城区植物筛选、空间配置与优化布局研究”(编号:31470031)。

摘　　要：为了更好地利用校园内的文化资源,迅速有效地识别校园环境,提出将可穿戴式眼动仪应用于校园寻路行为研究中。研究以眼动实验数据及方向感量表数据为佐证,目的是分析个人因素和环境因素对校园寻路行为的影响。结果表明:在个人因素方面,性别在寻路表现和地图使用情况上没有显著差异;专业背景在寻路表现和地图中的注视行为上没有显著差异,但在地图与场景的视觉切换次数上有显著差异;个体方向感对寻路表现有显著影响,但对地图使用情况没有显著影响。在环境因素方面,被试在寻路过程中对人工要素的关注度较高,对自然要素的关注度较低;对景深较长的空间关注度较高,景深较长的空间对被试的寻路行为有一定的引导性。通过分析被试在寻路过程中对环境的关注情况,为校园景观环境设计与优化提供理论支持。In order to make better use of the cultural resources on campus and to quickly and effectively identify the campus environment,a wearable eye tracker was proposed to be used in the research of campus wayfinding behaviors.With the data of eye movement test and the Santa Barbara Sense of Direction Scale(SBSOD)as evidence of the research,the purpose is to analyze the influence of personal and environmental factors on campus wayfinding behaviors.The results show that:in terms of personal factors,gender has no significant difference in wayfinding performance and map usage.Professional background has no difference in wayfinding performance and gaze behavior in the map,but there are significant differences in the number of visual switching between map and scene.Individual sense of direction has a significant impact on wayfinding performance,but has no significant effect on map usage.In terms of environmental factors,participants pay more attention to artificial factors and lower attention to natural factors during wayfinding.They pay more attention to the space with longer depth of field.The space with a longer depth of field has certain guidance for the wayfinding behavior of the participants.By analyzing the subjects'attention to the environment during the wayfinding process,the research provides theoretical support for the design and optimization of the campus landscape environment.

关 键 词：寻路行为 眼动分析 校园环境 性别差异 专业背景差异 

分 类 号：TU984.14[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]