基于高通量测序技术的新疆哈密地区盐碱地土壤细菌群落结构分析  

Analysis of saline-alkali soil bacterial community structure in Hami of Xinjiang based on high-throughput sequencing technology

作　　者：李卓然 张子怡 阮爱东[1] 鲁祥 武帅 LI Zhuo-ran;ZHANG Zi-yi;RUAN Ai-dong;LU Xiang;WU Shuai(State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering/College of Hydrology and Water Resources,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China)

机构地区：[1]水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室/河海大学水文水资源学院,南京210098

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2022年第11期54-61,共8页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42077221)。

摘　　要：新疆土壤盐渍化问题严重,其土壤细菌群落结构与分布格局是其土壤演变和盐碱地改良的基础和前提。研究采用现场原位采样和高通量测序等技术,解析了新疆哈密地区盐碱地土壤细菌群落多样性和组成。结果表明,拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)是新疆哈密地区盐碱地土壤的优势菌门,各组间细菌群落结构差异明显;土壤电导率对拟杆菌门和异常球菌-栖热菌门(Deinococcus-Thermus)影响显著,土壤pH对细菌群落多样性与组成影响最显著;Tax4Fun2功能预测结果表明该地区土壤细菌群落的代谢功能在环境信息处理方面较为丰富。植物灌丛下土壤pH要普遍低于各区域裸土pH,随各区域离湖距离逐渐减小,土壤含水量逐渐升高,土壤pH呈下降趋势。植被条件可能是影响新疆哈密地区盐碱地土壤性质变化的首要因素,而土壤pH可能为该地区各区域细菌群落变化的主要影响因素。Soil salinization in Xinjiang is severe,and the structure and distribution pattern of the soil microbial community are the basis and premise of soil evolution and saline-alkali land amelioration. In this study,in-situ sampling and high-throughput sequencing were used to analyze the diversity and composition of soil microbial communities in saline-alkali soil of Hami,Xinjiang. The results showed that Bacteroidetes,Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria were the dominant bacteria in the saline-alkali soil in Hami,Xinjiang,and there were significant differences in bacterial community structure among groups. Soil conductivity had a significant effect on Bacteroidetes and Deinococcus-Thermus,and soil pH had the most significant effect on bacterial community diversity and composition.Tax4Fun2 prediction results showed that the metabolic function of the soil microbial community in this region was rich in environmental information processing. The pH of plant shrub soil was generally lower than that of bare soil in all regions. With the decrease of the distance between each region and the lake,the soil moisture content gradually increased,and the soil pH showed a decreasing trend.It can be concluded that vegetation may be the primary factor affecting the change of soil properties,and soil pH may be the main factor affecting the change of bacterial community in each region of in Hami of Xinjiang saline-alkali land.

关 键 词：新疆盐碱地 细菌群落结构 多样性 理化因子 高通量测序 

分 类 号：Q938[生物学—微生物学]