种植年限对稻田土壤pH和养分含量的影响  

Effects of cultivation years on soil pH and nutrient content in paddy field

作　　者：吴海勇[1] 唐珍琦[2] 谷雨[1] 李明德[1] WU Hai-yong;TANG Zhen-qi;GU Yu;LI Ming-de(Soil and Fertilizer Institute of Hunan Province,Changsha 410125,China;Soil and Fertilizer Station of Hunan Province,Changsha 410005,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省土壤肥料研究所,长沙410125 [2]湖南省土壤肥料工作站,长沙410005

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2022年第11期67-71,共5页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中央引导地方科技发展专项资金项目(2020ZYQ064);湖南创新型省份建设专项(2020NK4213)。

摘　　要：通过田间调查取样和室内分析相结合的方法,以湖南省为例,研究了南方双季稻区不同种植年限稻田耕层土壤(0~20 cm)的pH及养分含量变化特征。结果表明,研究区域土壤pH为5.26~7.77,大部分为弱酸性至中性土壤;土壤有机质含量均达到中上水平,且不同区域之间差异较大,总体上稻田土壤有机质在种植6年达到最低值,而在种植8年出现回升。耕层土壤有机质、全氮、有效磷含量均处于中上水平,而碱解氮、速效钾、有效态铁、锰、铜、锌含量均处于较高水平。土壤pH随着种植年限的增加而下降;土壤有效磷含量均表现出先降低后升高的趋势,土壤有效铁含量在种植1~6年呈上升趋势,而土壤全氮、碱解氮、速效钾以及有效锰、有效铜、有效锌含量均随种植年限的延长无明显变化规律。Based on the combined method of field investigation and indoor analysis,the status and variation of pH and nutrients in the surface soil of the paddy field(0~20 cm)under different cultivation years in the double cropping rice area in the south were investigated by Hunan province as an example. The results showed that the pH of the soil in the study area was 5.26~7.77,and most of them were weakly acidic to neutral soil. The content of soil organic matter reached the upper middle level,and there were great differences between different regions. On the whole,the soil organic matter in the paddy field reached the lowest value in 6 years,and rebounded in 8 years. The contents of organic matter,total nitrogen and available phosphorus in the topsoil were at the upper middle level,while the contents of alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen,available potassium,available iron,manganese,copper and zinc were at a higher level.Soil pH decreased with the increase of planting years. The content of soil available phosphorus decreased first and then increased. The content of soil available iron increased in 1~6 years,while the contents of soil total nitrogen,alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen,available potassium,available manganese,available copper and available zinc did not change significantly with the extension of planting years.

关 键 词：水稻土 种植年限 PH 土壤养分 

分 类 号：S158.2[农业科学—土壤学]