自然保护区生态旅游建设项目对生物多样性影响评价研究--以江西婺源森林鸟类国家级自然保护区为例  

Study on Impact Assessment of Ecotourism Construction Project on Biodiversity in Nature Reserves:Taking Wuyuan Forest Bird National Nature Reserve in Jiangxi Province as an Example

作　　者：刘鹏[1] 承勇 韩卫杰[1] 刘俊[1] 黄晓凤[1] LIU Peng;CHENG Yong;HAN Weijie;LIU Jun;HUANG Xiaofeng(Jiangxi Academy of Forestry,Nanchang 330013,China;Jinggangshan National Nature Reserve of Jiangxi Province,Ji’an,Jiangxi 343600)

机构地区：[1]江西省林业科学院,南昌330013 [2]江西井冈山国家级自然保护区管理局,江西吉安343600

出　　处：《自然保护地》2022年第2期74-81,共8页Natural Protected Areas

基　　金：江西省林业科学院青年科技人才培养项目(2019521601)。

摘　　要：自然保护区是生态旅游活动发生与发展的物质载体和重要依托,而生态旅游建设项目对自然保护区不可避免地会产生影响。因此,开展生态旅游建设项目需对自然保护区生物多样性进行影响评价。本文以卧龙谷风景区现有生态旅游建设项目为例,通过现场调查与查阅文献资料相结合的方法,调查评价区分布的景观类型、植被、植物群落的特征、动植物种类及分布特点等。依据《自然保护区建设项目生物多样性影响评价技术规范》(LY/T 2242—2014)评价体系,从景观/生态系统、生物群落、种群/物种、主要保护对象、生物安全、社会因素等6个方面对江西婺源森林鸟类国家级自然保护区生物多样性进行了评价及赋值。结果显示,建设项目对保护区的多样性影响指数为53.98,属于中低度影响。同时结合现有生态旅游建设项目和保护区的实际情况,提出了减缓影响的措施和保护建议,将可能造成的负面影响进一步降低。The nature reserve is the material carrier and important support of the development on ecotourism activities and the construction projects will inevitably have an impact on nature reserves.Therefore,it is necessary to evaluate the impact on biodiversity in nature reserves of ecotourism construction projects.Taking the existing ecotourism con-struction project in Wolong Valley Scenic as an example,the natural landscape types,vegetation,characteristics of plant communities,animal and plant species and distribution characteristics were investigated and evaluated through field investigation and literature review.According to the Technical Regulation for Biodiversity Impact Assessment of Construction Project in Nature Reserve(LY/T 2242-2014),the biodiversity in Wuyuan Forest Bird National Nature Reserve in Jiangxi Province was evaluated from six aspects,including landscape/ecosystem,biological community,population/species,main protection objects,biosafety and social factors.The results showed that the diversity impact index of construction projects on the protected area was 53.98,which was a medium-low degree of impact.At the same time,combined with the existing ecotourism construction projects and actual situations of the reserve,the meas-ures to mitigate the impact and protection suggestions were put forward to further reduce possible negative impacts.

关 键 词：生态旅游 自然保护区 生物多样性 影响评价 

分 类 号：S718.554[农业科学—林学]