大景深光子多普勒测速仪设计及高超试验应用  

Design of Large Depth Field Photon Doppler Velocimeter and Application in Ultra-high Speed Interior Ballistic Research

作　　者：郝歌扬 罗庆 杨雅涵 焉兆超 吴国俊[1] 黄洁 HAO Geyang;LUO Qing;YANG Yahan;YAN Zhaochao;WU Guojun;HUANG Jie(Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xi'an 710119,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Hypervelocity Aerodynamics Institute of China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center,Mianyang,Sichuan 621000,China;Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao),Qingdao,Shandong 266200,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所,西安710119 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]中国空气动力学研究与发展中心超高速空气动力研究所,四川绵阳621000 [4]青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室,山东青岛266200

出　　处：《光子学报》2022年第6期19-26,共8页Acta Photonica Sinica

基　　金：山东省支持青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室重大科技专项(No.2018SDKJ0200);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类)(No.XDA22030201)。

摘　　要：受限于炮口尺寸较小、激光能量衰减严重和测速系统作用距离有限等因素,超高速试验中的内弹道速度变化历程数据获取困难。针对该问题设计了一种大景深光子多普勒测速仪,并在超高速弹道靶上多次重复获取了内弹道速度变化历程数据。试验过程中,大景深光子多普勒测速仪分别记录了发射弹丸由静止加速至约2 km/s和7 km/s的速度变化历程,最高速度6.89 km/s。试验结果表明,大景深光子多普勒测速仪在超高速内弹道研究中具有较高的可行性和稳定性。The Photon Doppler Velocimeter(PDV)is a non-contact velocity measurement equipment with high accuracy and high-time resolution,which can obtain the continuous interior ballistic velocity of ultra-high-speed launchers.Continuous velocity data is very important for ultra-high-speed experiments.It can be used to understand the performance of ultra-high-speed launchers and the physical processes of ultra-high-speed,as well as to develop the theory of interior ballistics.Limited by the small size of the muzzle,the serious attenuation of laser energy and(the limitation of)the bandwidth of detector,it is difficult for ordinary PDV to obtain continuous ultra-high-speed interior ballistic velocity.In this paper,we have developed a large depth field PDV with an effective working distance greater than 7 m,which is constructed based on fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometer.The emission aperture of optical antenna is 25 mm,the beam waist of emission position is located at 3.3~3.4 m,and the diameter of beam waist is 1245 mm.In order to verify the performance of the system,we first simulated the high-speed motion process by using a rotating turntable and a motor,and tested the measurement error of the PDV system.In the velocity range of 1~40 m/s,the measurement uncertainty of the PDV can be controlled at 2.48%.Then we carried out experiments on the ultra-high-speed ballistic target(FD-18A)of China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center(CARDC),and repeatedly obtained the continuous ultra-high-speed inner ballistic velocity of the ultra-high-speed two-stage light gas guns.In the experiments,we placed a reflector directly behind the muzzle to change the direction of the laser signal and put the optical antenna on one side of the reflector.Finally,the PDV recorded the velocity changes of the launch model from static acceleration to about 2 km/s and 7 km/s,with the maximum velocity of 6.89 km/s.By comparing with the numerical simulation results,it is found that the measured velocity of experiment is lower than the simulation veloc

关 键 词：物理光学 超高速弹道靶 光子多普勒测速仪 激光多普勒效应 内弹道速度 

分 类 号：O436.1[机械工程—光学工程] TN253[理学—光学]