新疆绿洲连作棉田土壤活性有机氮组分的变化  

The change about soil active organic nitrogen of continuous cropping cotton fields in Xinjiang

作　　者：李子玉 张小均[1] 刘慧 刘建国[1] LI Ziyu;ZAHNG Xiaojun;LIU Hui;LIU Jianguo(College of Agriculture,Shihezi University/Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology Agriculture of Xinjiang Bingtuan,Shihezi,Xinjiang 832003,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学农学院/新疆兵团绿洲生态农业重点实验室,新疆石河子832003

出　　处：《石河子大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第3期291-297,共7页Journal of Shihezi University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31960396)。

摘　　要：为了研究棉花长期连作及秸秆还田处理下土壤活性有机氮组分的变化,探讨棉田土壤活性氮库对长期连作和秸秆还田的响应机制,本研究以连作棉田土壤为研究对象,对比研究秸秆还田下连作8、13、18、23、28年和秸秆不还田下连作8、18年共计7个处理土壤中的全氮及土壤活性有机氮组分的变化。结果表明:在秸秆还田处理下,土壤中全氮、POM-N(颗粒有机氮)、SMBN(微生物量氮)、DON(可溶性有机氮)的含量随着连作年限的增加而增加,而LFOM-N(轻组有机氮)的含量随着连作年限的增加先下降后上升。在无秸秆还田的处理中,连作8~18年,土壤中全氮和活性有机氮组分含量均呈下降趋势。与无秸秆还田连作8年和18年相比,在0~20 cm土层,秸秆还田下连作8年和18年的全氮、POM-N、DON、SMBN、LFOM-N含量分别增加了55.75%、84.53%,24.31%、124.40%,16.27%、131.67%,34.72%、93.39%和48.36%、104.09%。活性有机氮各组分在连作28年时含量达到最高,其含量随土层深度增加而降低。在耕层中活性有机氮组分的分布趋势为LFOM-N>POM-N>SMBN>DON。连作棉田土壤中活性有机氮各组分含量受到秸秆还田的影响,长期的秸秆还田可以增加连作棉田土壤中活性有机氮各组分和全氮的含量,增强了土壤的供氮能力。In order to investigate the response of soil active nitrogen component in cotton field to long-term continuous cropping and straw returning, the changes of soil active organic nitrogen components in cotton straw return and no return field were studied.We investigated the changes of soil total nitrogen(TN) and active organic nitrogen component(POM-N,SMBN,DON,and LFOM-N) in soil samples from continuous cropping cotton field under straw returning(8,13,18,23,28 yrs.) and continuous cropping 8 and 18 years cotton production without straw returning.Under the straw return treatments, the content of TN,POM-N,SMBN and DON increased with continuous cropping years extension, but the LFOM-N content showed a downward trend before rising. Under the straw non-return treatments, the active organic nitrogen component content indicated a downward trend from 8 years to 18 years, especially in the soil layer 0~20 cm(P<0.05),20~60 cm also showed a decreasing trend but it is not significant. Compared with straw return and non-return from 8 years to 18 years, total nitrogen and POM-N,SMBN,DON,LFOM-N in soil layer 0~20 cm increased 55.75%,84.53%,24.31%,124.40%,16.27%,131.67%,34.72%,93.39%,48.36%,and 104.09%,respectively. Active organic nitrogen component peaked at 28 years and the content decreased with the soil layer decreasing. The distribution trend is in the order of LFOM-N> POM-N> SMBN> DON. The content of active organic nitrogen component in the soil samples form long-term cropping cotton field is affected by straw return, it can improve content of active organic nitrogen component which enhance the capacity of soil nitrogen supply.

关 键 词：棉花 连作 秸秆还田 有机氮活性组分 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学]