基于DUS测试性状的西南地区春大豆品种遗传多样性分析  

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Spring Soybean Varieties in Southwest China Based on DUS Testing Traits

作　　者：王红娟 蒋晓英[1] 官玲 雷开荣[1] 林清[1] 白文钦[1] WANG Hong-juan;JIANG Xiao-ying;GUAN Ling;LEI Kai-rong;LIN Qing;BAI Wen-qin(Institute of Biotechnology Research,Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Chongqing Station for DUS Testing Center of New Plant Varieties,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Chongqing 401329,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市农业科学院生物技术研究所/农业农村部植物新品种测试重庆分中心,重庆401329

出　　处：《大豆科学》2022年第3期257-265,共9页Soybean Science

基　　金：重庆市自然科学基金面上项目(cstc2019jcyj-msxmX0039)。

摘　　要：为探讨利用DUS测试性状对大豆品种进行遗传多样性研究的可行性,更好地对大豆品种资源进行评价与分类,本研究以106个适合西南地区种植的春大豆品种为材料,分析31个DUS测试表型性状的遗传多样性,并对不同类型表型性状的多样性进行比较和评价。结果表明:共检测到31个DUS测试性状的153个等位变异,平均每个性状检测到4.94个。质量性状多样性指数均小于1,假质量性状多样性指数为0.05~1.42,测量型数量性状多样性指数为1.43~1.91。本研究首次使用的9个表型性状多样性指数为0.55~1.28。性状相关性分析表明花色与大豆幼苗下胚轴花青甙是否显色高度相关。聚类分析将106个品种分为4组,每个组群具有各自独特的表型特征。研究结果说明DUS测试性状多且多样性高,能够对大豆品种资源进行更全面客观的评价。基于DUS测试性状的聚类分析划分不同种质类型,筛选出20份优异种质资源。This study attempted to explore the feasibility to study the genetic diversity of soybean varieties, better evaluate and classify soybean variety resources by using DUS test traits. A total of 31 DUS testing traits were investigated on 106 soybean varieties suitable for planting in southwest China, and the diversity of different types of traits was compared and evaluated. The results showed that a total of 153 allelic variations were detected in 31 tested traits, with an average of 4.94 per trait. The variation coefficient of qualitative, pseudo-qualitative and quantitative traits were <1, 0.05-1.42, and 1.43-1.91, respectively. Nine phenotypic traits were used for the first time in this study, whose variation coefficient were 0.55-1.28. Correlation analysis showed that there was a high correlation between flower color and anthocyanin coloration on the hypocotyl of soybean seedlings. The 106 varieties were divided into four groups by cluster analysis, and each group had its own unique characteristics. The results showed that DUS testing traits had large quantity and high diversity, which could comprehensively and objectively evaluate soybean variety resources. Based on the cluster analysis of DUS testing traits, different germplasm types were classified, and 20 excellent germplasm resources were screened out.

关 键 词：大豆种质资源评价 DUS测试性状 性状类型 优异种质鉴定 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]