基于间苯二甲胺单体的聚酰亚胺的合成与性能  

Synthesis and properties of polyimides derived from m-xylylenediamine monomer

作　　者：秦安然 王鑫[1] 乔文强 王植源 QIN Anran;WANG Xin;QIAO Wenqiang;WANG Zhiyuan(State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals,Department of Polymer Science&Materials,School of Chemical Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,Liaoning,China)

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学化工学院高分子材料系精细化工国家重点实验室,辽宁大连116024

出　　处：《精细化工》2022年第6期1141-1147,共7页Fine Chemicals

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费资助[DUT20RC(5)007]。

摘　　要：间苯二甲胺分别与4,4’-氧双邻苯二甲酸酐、3,3’,4,4’-二苯甲酮四甲酸二酐、3,3’,4,4’-联苯四羧酸二酐、4,4’-(六氟异丙烯)二酞酸酐和4,4’-(4,4’-异亚丙基二苯氧基)双(邻苯二甲酸酐)在间甲酚中通过一步法合成了5种聚酰亚胺(PI)。采用FTIR、;HNMR、DSC、TGA、UV-Vis、动态力学分析仪(DMA)对聚合物进行了表征。结果表明,所制备的PI特性黏数在0.36~1.44 dL/g之间,在间甲酚中具有良好的溶解性;DMA测得PI的玻璃化转变温度在184~243℃之间,N;气氛下5%热失重温度为485~538℃,热稳定性优异;PI薄膜在400 nm处的透过率为24%~85%,500 nm的透过率可达69%~88%,截止波长在308~367 nm之间,具有良好的透明性;PI薄膜的拉伸强度、杨氏模量和断裂伸长率分别在41.1~85.3 MPa、1.7~2.1 GPa和2.5%~8.7%的范围内,具有良好的机械性能。Five kinds of polyimide (PI) samples were synthesized from m-xylylenediamine (MXDA) with five aromatic dianhydride monomers,4,4’-oxydiphthalic anhydride (ODPA),3,3’,4,4’-benzophenone tetracarboxylic dianhydride (BTDA),3,3’,4,4’-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride (BPDA),4,4’-(hexafluoroisopropylidene)diphthalic anhydride (6FDA) and 4,4’-(4,4’-isopropylidene diphenoxy) bis(phthalic anhydride)(BPADA) by one-step method in m-cresol.The polymers were characterized by FTIR,~1HNMR,DSC,TGA,UV-Vis and dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA).The results showed that inherent viscosity numbers of the prepared PIs were in the range between 0.36 and 1.44 dL/g,and all PIs had good solubility in m-cresol.The glass transition temperatures tested by DMA and 5%thermal weight loss temperatures of PIs were 184~243℃and 485~538℃,respectively.Furthermore,the transmittances of PI films were 24%~85%at 400 nm and69%~88%at 500 nm,and the cutoff wavelengths were in the range of 308~367 nm.All these indicated that these PIs had excellent thermal properties and good optical properties.The tensile strength,Young’s modulus and elongation at break of PIs were 41.1~85.3 MPa,1.7~2.1 GPa and 2.5%~8.7%,respectively,demonstrating that the PIs possessed good mechanical properties.

关 键 词：聚酰亚胺 间苯二甲胺 透明性 一步法 功能材料 

分 类 号：TQ323.7[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]