激发圆形管道内多阶声模态的扬声器阵列控制方法  

A loudspeaker array control method for exciting multi-order acoustic modes in a cylindrical duct

作　　者：黄时春 英基勇 高翔[3] 蒋伟康[1] HUANG Shichun;YING Jiyong;GAO Xiang;JIANG Weikang(The State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240;AECC Commercial Aircraft Engine Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200241;Key Laboratory of Aeronautical Acoustics and Vibration,Aircraft Strength Research Institute,Xi'an 710065)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学机械系统与振动国家重点实验室,上海200240 [2]中国航发商用航空发动机有限责任公司,上海200241 [3]中国飞机强度研究所航空声学与振动航空科技重点实验室,西安710065

出　　处：《声学学报》2022年第4期521-530,共10页Acta Acustica

基　　金：国家自然基金项目(51835008);国家科技重大专项(2017-Ⅱ-0008-0022)资助。

摘　　要：声模态发生器是通过控制扬声器阵列在管道内激发声模态波的一种装置。为了解决在管道内同时激发多个声模态的问题,研究了激发圆形管道内多阶声模态的扬声器阵列控制方法。采用轴向多圈布置的声源阵列,并调节各个声源的幅值和相位,实现同时激发包括径向声模态在内的多个声模态。同时考虑声源的周向位置和轴向位置信息,建立各个声源与多个目标模态系数之间的线性关系,运用最小二乘法求解得到激发目标多模态所需各个声源的复强度(包括幅值和相位),所研制的高阶模态发生器以计算的声源复强度为输入量,采用数字信号系统控制扬声器输出的幅值和相位,用于实现管道内声源激发,该模态激发过程无需针对特定模态优化声源的位置。实验结果表明,所研制的模态发生器可精确激发单个或多个声模态,且目标模态系数信噪比几乎都大于10 dB。The Spinning Mode Synthesizer(SMS)is a device that can generate specific spinning acoustic modes in a duct.A loudspeaker array control method for exciting multi-order acoustic modes,especially radial modes,has been studied.The multiple modes can be generated by simultaneously adjusting the amplitude and phase of each source.An axial multi-ring arranged artificial source array is used without optimizing the location of the sound source for a specific mode.The circumferential and axial positions of the sources are considered simultaneously in the control method.The linear relationships between source strengths and mode coefficients of the target multi-modes are established,and then the complex source strengths are obtained with the least-squares method.A high-order Spinning Mode Synthesizer is researched and design.The amplitudes and phases of the loudspeakers are controlled by a digital signal system to generate the target modes in a cylindrical duct.The experimental results show that single or multiple modes can be precisely controlled in the duct,and the signal-to-noise ratios of the mode coefficients are almost greater than 10 dB.

关 键 词：扬声器阵列 声模态 激发过程 最小二乘法 轴向位置 圆形管道 高阶模态 多模态 

分 类 号：TN643[电子电信—电路与系统]