选举参与、公共投资与农村生活用水体系  

Electoral Participation, Public Goods Investment, and Rural Domestic Water System

作　　者：葛章明 王晓兵 于晓华 闵师 GE Zhangming;WANG Xiaobing;YU Xiaohua;MIN Shi

机构地区：[1]清华大学公共管理学院,北京100084 [2]北京大学现代农学院中国农业政策研究中心,北京100871 [3]哥廷根大学农业经济与农村发展系,哥廷根37073 [4]华中农业大学经济管理学院,武汉430070

出　　处：《农业技术经济》2022年第6期125-144,共20页Journal of Agrotechnical Economics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“区域间不同经营主体适度经营规模及其影响研究”(编号:71673008);农业农村部软科学课题“推进农村人居环境整治研究”(编号:RKX2019032B)。

摘　　要：改善农村生活用水条件是农村人居环境整治的重要任务,关乎农村居民的生活质量与身体健康。基于“选举参与—回应”模型与“二部制付费”俱乐部物品消费理论,本文探讨了通过公共投资的机制,村庄选举参与水平对农村生活用水体系的影响,并利用CFPS两期面板数据开展了实证研究。本文使用随机效应模型与Mundlak估计法检验了选举参与水平通过公共投资的机制改善农村生活用水体系的推论,同时采用宗族势力作为工具变量解决潜在的内生性问题。研究表明,随着村庄选举参与水平的提高,农户使用自来水和冲水厕所的概率也显著增加,其中公共投资起到了重要机制作用。在采用线性概率固定效应模型估计、更换公共投资占比作为机制变量、控制区域差异变量一系列稳健性检验后,上述结论依旧成立。建议未来应进一步提升农村居民的基层民主参与意识,重视基层选举参与在乡村治理中的作用。Improving the domestic water conditions in rural regions is an important task for rural living environment improvement, and is related to the living quality and health of rural residents.Based on the electoral Participation-Response model and Two-part-payment Club Goods Consumption theory of Economics, this study discussed the impact of village electoral participation on the rural domestic water system as well as the village public goods investment mechanism and conducted an empirical study using two-period panel data(CFPS).This article adopted the random effect model and the Mundlak estimation method to test the hypothesis that electoral participation improves the rural domestic water system through a public investment mechanism, and used clan as the instrumental variable to solve the potential endogeneity.The results showed that, as the village election participation level increased, the probability of farmers using tap water and flushing toilets also increased significantly, in which public goods investment played an important role as a mechanism.The findings of this study have important practical and policy significance.After abundant robustness tests, including estimating by fix effect linear probability model, switching the proportion of public investment as mechanism variable, and controlling the regional variables, the main results remain solid.It is suggested that in the future, we should pay more attention to the role of primary-level electoral participation in rural governance, enhance the awareness of primary-level democratic participation of rural residents, and help to achieve the rural revitalization strategy.

关 键 词：选举参与 公共投资 农村生活用水体系 

分 类 号：F323.213[经济管理—产业经济] D422.6[政治法律—政治学]