日粮添加过瘤胃亮氨酸对泌乳奶山羊氨基酸代谢和免疫性能的影响  

Effects of Rumen-Protected Leucine on Amino Acid Metabolism and Immune Performance in Lactating Goats

作　　者：陈捷 王砀砀 武彦博 王燕南 陈超 雷新建 李延华 姚军虎[1] CHEN Jie;WANG Dangdang;WU Yanbo;WANG Yannan;CHEN Chao;LEI Xinjian;LI Yanhua;YAO Junhu(College of Animal Science and Technology,Northwest A&F University,Shaanxi Yangling 712100,China;Shaanxi Aonike Dairy Goat Breeding Co.,Ltd.,Shaanxi Fuping 711700,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学动物科技学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]陕西澳尼克奶山羊育种有限公司,陕西富平711700

出　　处：《饲料工业》2022年第13期43-48,共6页Feed Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金[31672451];陕西省特色产业创新链[2017TSCXL-NY-04-01]。

摘　　要：研究旨在探究亮氨酸对泌乳奶山羊血液氨基酸、乳氨基酸和免疫性能的影响。试验共选取45只初产关中泌乳奶山羊,泌乳期为(135±15)d,泌乳量为(2.06±0.45)kg/d,体重为(43.11±5.38)kg,随机分为3组:对照组(CON组,采食基础饲粮)、过瘤胃亮氨酸(RP-Leu)添加组(LEU组,基础饲粮+10.6 g/d RP-Leu)及过瘤胃赖氨酸(RP-Lys)添加组(LYS组,基础饲粮+12.0 g/d RP-Lys),每组15只。试验期60 d,其中预试期15 d,正试期45 d。试验期饲喂等量饲粮,自由饮水。试验结束后,采集血液、乳样,进行氨基酸和免疫指标测定。结果显示:与CON组相比,日粮添加RP-Leu显著提高了奶山羊血清中支链氨基酸(branched chain amino acid,BCAA)、异亮氨酸(Isoleucine,Ile)和苏氨酸(Threonine,Thr)的浓度,降低了脯氨酸(Proline,Pro)的浓度(P<0.05),有提高亮氨酸(Leucine,Leu)、色氨酸(Tryptophan,Trp)、必需氨基酸(essential amino acid,EAA)和总氨基酸(total amino acid,TAA)浓度的趋势(0.05≤P<0.10);与LYS组相比,添加RP-Leu提高了血清中BCAA、Ile和Thr的浓度,降低了Pro的浓度(P<0.05);CON与LYS两组间血清游离氨基酸浓度无显著差异(P>0.05)。日粮添加RP-Leu和RP-Lys对泌乳奶山羊产奶量、乳蛋白合成、乳氨基酸组成和免疫性能无影响(P>0.05)。研究表明,亮氨酸可提高泌乳奶山羊血清必需氨基酸中生糖氨基酸的含量,但亮氨酸调控血液氨基酸代谢的机理仍不明确,后续应考虑利用多组学技术解释相关机理。This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of leucine on blood amino acids,milk amino acids and immune performance in lactating goats.A total of 45 first parity lactating goats [body weight:(43.11±5.38) kg] with(135±15) days in milk and(2.06±0.45) kg/d yield were randomly assigned into the following dietary treatments:①CON:basal diet;②LEU:basal diet+10.6 g/d RP-Leu;③LYS:basal diet+12.0 g/d RP-Lys.The experimental period lasted for 45 days after 15 days of gradual adaptation to the feeding system,and equal TMR diets and free water were supplied for goats.The blood and milk samples were collected for determination of amino acids and immune indicators at the end of the experiment.The results showed that:compared with CON,dietary supplementation of RP-Leu increased the concentration of BCAA,Ile and Thr,decreased the concentration of Pro(P<0.05),and tended to increase the concentration of Leu,Trp,EAA and TAA in the serum(0.05≤P<0.10).The concentration of BCAA,Ile and Thr of LEU was higher than that of LYS in the serum(P<0.05),and no significant difference was found in the concentration of serum free amino acid between CON and LYS(P>0.05).RP-Leu or RP-Lys had no effect on the milk production,milk protein,milk amino acid composition and immune performance of lactating goats(P>0.05).In conclusion,leucine could increase the content of glucogenic amino acids in lactating goats’ serum,but the mechanism of leucine regulating blood amino acid metabolism was still unclear,further study should consider using multiomics technology to explain the mechanism.

关 键 词：亮氨酸 泌乳奶山羊 血氨基酸 乳氨基酸 免疫性能 

分 类 号：S816.32[农业科学—饲料科学]