基于高维单粒子态的双向半量子安全直接通信协议  

Bi-directional semi-quantum secure direct communication protocol based on high-dimensional single-particle states

作　　者：龚黎华[1] 陈振泳 徐良超 周南润[1] Gong Li-Hua;Chen Zhen-Yong;Xu Liang-Chao;Zhou Nan-Run(Department of Electronics Information Engineering,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330031,China)

机构地区：[1]南昌大学电子信息工程系,南昌330031

出　　处：《物理学报》2022年第13期29-36,共8页Acta Physica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:61871205)资助的课题。

摘　　要：本文设计了一个基于高维单粒子态的双向半量子安全直接通信协议,该协议包括量子方Alice和经典方Bob,每个参与方可以同时接收和发送秘密信息.协议中的经典方Bob无需具备量子态检测能力,因此该协议在现有技术条件下更易实现.安全性分析表明:在不被合法通信者发现的情况下,截获重发、测量重发、篡改攻击以及纠缠攻击等常见攻击手段均无法获取秘密信息.此外,该协议利用高维单粒子态作为信息传输的载体,这有效提高了秘密信息的传输效率.Semi-quantum secure direct communication allows the quantum party and the classical party to transmit secure messages directly,but does not need sharing a secret key in advance.To increase the information transmission efficiency and practicability of semi-quantum secure direct communication,a bidirectional semi-quantum secure direct communication protocol with high-dimensional single-particle states is designed.The proposed protocol involves quantum party Alice and classical party Bob.Each participant can receive a secret message while sending a secret message.Unlike most of existing quantum secure direct communication protocols,it is not necessary for the classical party Bob in the proposed protocol to possess the capability of measuring quantum states,which greatly enhances the feasibility of the protocol.The protocol allows the classical party Bob to implement the unitary operations on particles and reorder the quantum sequence.Furthermore,the quantum party Alice and the classical party Bob can verify the correctness of the received secret message with the Hash function.Security analysis indicates that without being discovered by the legitimate participants,Eve cannot obtain the secret message with common attack,such as intercept-resend attack,measure-resend attack,tampering attack and entanglement-measure attack.Compared with the typical semi-quantum secure direct communication protocols,the proposed protocol has a high qubit efficiency of about 28.6%.In addition,the transmission efficiency of secret message is greatly enhanced,since the proposed protocol utilizes the high-dimensional single-particle states as the carrier of secret message.

关 键 词：半量子安全直接通信 高维单粒子态 双向通信 安全性分析 

分 类 号：O413[理学—理论物理] TN918[理学—物理]