农村宅基地“三权分置”的政策意蕴及实现路向  

Policy Implication and Direction of“Separation of Three Rights”of Rural Homestead

作　　者：吕军书[1] 郑弼天 LYU Junshu;ZHENG Bitian(Law Research Center of Agriculture,Henan Normal University,Xinxiang,Henan 453000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南师范大学三农法律问题研究中心,河南新乡473000

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第4期44-51,共8页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(21&ZD084)。

摘　　要：我国农村宅基地法律法规面临着城市化发展进入新阶段、乡村振兴战略实施、宅基地制度改革遇到新矛盾、宅基地管理政策失灵等系列挑战,因此,宅基地“三权分置”适时提出。学界对于宅基地“三权分置”的法律意蕴莫衷一是,研究发现,“宅基地所有权+成员权+用益物权”的观点更具科学性。落实宅基地集体所有权,要明确宅基地集体所有权的权能构成并通过宅基地专门立法给予保障;保障宅基地农户资格权,必须建立宅基地资格权的登记、置换和退出制度;适度放活宅基地使用权,可通过扩大和转换宅基地使用权的权能来实现。“Separation of three rights”of homestead in China is timely proposed when rural homestead laws and regulations are facing a series of challenges including urbanization has entered a new stage,the Rural Revitalization Strategy is being implemented,and the reform of homestead system encountered new contradictions and homestead management policy is failing.There are all kinds of sounds in the academic circles on the legal implications of the separation of the three rights of homestead.Research has found that the view is more scientific which combined rural homestead ownership,member right and usufructuary right.It is necessary to make clear the constitution of collective ownership of homestead and guarantee it through special legislation of homestead to implement collective ownership of homestead.Through the establishment of homestead qualification right registration,replacement and withdrawal system,we can guarantee the farmers’qualification right of homestead.Moderately releasing the right to use homestead should be realized by expanding and transforming the right to use homestead.

关 键 词：宅基地“三权分置” 法律意蕴 权能配置 实现路向 

分 类 号：D922.32[政治法律—法学] F301.0[经济管理—产业经济]