3种珍贵树种幼苗光合特性及日进程研究  

Research on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Diurnal Photosynthetic Process of Seedlings of Three Precious Species

作　　者：王立冬 陈艳艳 汤行昊[2] 张丽琼 梁海燕 闫小莉 Wang Lidong;Chen Yanyan;Tang Xinghao;Zhang Liqiong;Liang Haiyan;Yan Xiaoli(Forestry College,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350002,China;Fujian Academy of Forestry Sciences,Fuzhou,Fujian 350012,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学林学院,福建福州350002 [2]福建省林业科学研究院,福建福州350012

出　　处：《山地农业生物学报》2022年第4期8-17,共10页Journal of Mountain Agriculture and Biology

基　　金：福建省种业创新与产业化工程(2011S1549-8)。

摘　　要：为明确3个珍贵树种大叶青冈(Cyclobalanopsis jensenniana(Hand,-Mzt.)Cheng et T.Hong)、赤皮青冈(Cyclobalanopsis gilva(Blume)Oerst)和红椎(Castanopsis hystrix Miq.)的光合特性及其对环境的适应性差异,利用Li-6800便携式光合仪测定3个树种的幼苗叶片光合参数和环境因子及其日变化,测定叶绿素含量,分析比较3个树种的光合日变化和光合参数日均值差异,以及光合速率与环境因子间的关系。结果表明:(1)大叶青冈净光合速率(Pn)日变化呈先降后升的“U”字型;赤皮青冈Pn日变化呈“降—升—降”的倒“S”字型,气孔导度(Gs)和蒸腾速率(Tr)日变化规律与Pn相似,3个树种均存在“光合午休”现象,赤皮青冈Pn的降幅最小,为0.63μmol/(m^(2)·s),“午休”现象最不明显,对强光和高温环境的适应性最强;(2)叶绿素a含量、叶绿素b含量和总叶绿素含量的高低顺序均为赤皮青冈>大叶青冈>红椎。赤皮青冈总叶绿素含量分别比大叶青冈和红椎高66.6%和146.3%;(3)3个树种叶片Pn、Gs和Tr的日均值大小依次为大叶青冈>赤皮青冈>红椎,大叶青冈Pn日均值分别比赤皮青冈和红椎高23.8%和133.3%;水分利用效率(WUE)日均值表现为赤皮青冈>红椎>大叶青冈,赤皮青冈WUE日均值比红椎和大叶青冈高1.5%和18.5%;(4)3个树种Pn均与胞间CO 2浓度(Ci)呈极显著负相关、与气孔限制值(Ls)呈极显著正相关,Ci均与Ls呈极显著负相关,引起3个树种“光合午休”的主要因素为非气孔限制因素;(5)大叶青冈和红椎Pn与空气温度(Ta)呈极显著负相关,赤皮青冈Pn与Ta呈不显著正相关;大叶青冈和红椎的Tr与Ta呈显著负相关,赤皮青冈的Tr与Ta呈显著正相关,赤皮青冈对环境高温的耐受性强于大叶青冈和红椎。3个树种均会通过“光合午休”策略来适应环境条件。相同环境条件下,3个树种中大叶青冈的光合固碳能力最强,而赤皮青冈的WUE最高,且对强光、高温环境和水分�In order to clarify the photosynthetic characteristics of three precious tree species Cyclobalanopsis jensenniana(hand,-MZT.)Cheng et T.Hong,Cyclobalanopsis gilva(Blume)oerst and Castanopsis hystrix Miq.and their differences in adaptability to the environment,the photosynthetic parameters,environment and daily process of seedling leaves of three tree species were measured by Li-6800 portable photosynthetic instrument.This study measured the chlorophyll content and compared the differences of photosynthetic daily process and the daily mean value of photosynthetic parameters of three tree species.The relationship between photosynthetic rate and environmental factors was also analyzed.The results showed that:(1)the diurnal variation of net photosynthetic rate(Pn)of C.jensenniana showed a“U”shape,which decreased first and then increased;The diurnal variation of Pn in C.gilva presented an inverted“S”shape of“down-up-down”.The diurnal variation law of stomatal conductance(Gs)and transpiration rate(Tr)was similar to that of Pn.The phenomenon of“photosynthetic lunch break”existed in all three tree species.The decline of Pn in C.gilva was the smallest,which was 0.63μmol/(m^(2)·s).The phenomenon of“lunch break”was the least obvious and had the strongest adaptability to strong light and high temperature environment;(2)The order of chlorophyll a content,chlorophyll b content and total chlorophyll content was:C.gilva>C.jensenniana>C.hystrix.The total chlorophyll content of C.gilva was 66.6%and 146.3%higher than that of C.jensenniana and C.hystrix,respectively;(3)The daily mean values of Pn,Gs and Tr in the leaves of the three tree species were as follows:C.jensenniana>C.gilva>C.hystrix.The daily mean values of Pn of C.jensenniana were 23.8%and 133.3%higher than C.gilva and C.hystrix,respectively;The daily average value of water use efficiency(WUE)was as follows:C.gilva>C.hystrix>C.jensenniana.The daily average value of WUE of C.gilva was 1.5%and 18.5%higher than that of C.hystrix and C.jensenniana;(4)Pn

关 键 词：光合特性 环境因子 日变化 光合午休 气孔限制值 

分 类 号：S727[农业科学—林木遗传育种]