明朝“达官”的优厚待遇和职责研究  

The preferential treatment and duties of“top officials”in the Ming Dynasty

作　　者：鲍杰 Bao Jie(College of Arts,JiLin University,ChangChun 130012,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学文学院,吉林长春130000

出　　处：《哈尔滨师范大学社会科学学报》2022年第3期125-130,共6页Journal of Social Science of Harbin Normal University

摘　　要：“达官”这一概念指代的是明朝建立之后前来归降的各个少数民族在卫所中担任军职的人员。明朝时期“达官”的出现与当时统治者对于少数民族的怀柔政策以及卫所制度有着密切的联系。首先是洪武以及永乐时期统治者采取的招抚政策,招抚政策的发展是“达官”群体出现的先决条件,同时“达官”待遇制度确立于永乐时期。其次是明朝廷对于“达官”的管理以及优享待遇,归降者编入军籍并且授予汉族姓氏,享有安插优遇,并且享有超过汉军的俸禄供养。三是关于“达官”的职责,这个群体在征战戍守、民族外交以及畜牧业的发展中都发挥了重要的作用。The concept of"Da guan"refers to the ethnic minorities who came to surrender after the establishment of the Ming Dynasty and held military posts in the garrison.The appearance of"Da guan"in the Ming Dynasty was closely related to the appeasing policy of the rulers towards the minority nationalities and the system of guard house.The concept of"Da guan"in Ming Dynasty has been explained in this paper from three aspects.The development of the policy was the prerequisite for the emergence of the"Da guan"group.Meanwhile,the"Da guan"treatment system was established in the Yongle period.The management and preferential treatment of"Da guan"in the Ming court was introduced in the second part of this paper.Those who surrendered were incorporated into the military and granted the surname of the Han nationality,enjoyed the privilege of placement,and enjoyed the salary and support of more than the Han army.The third part is mainly about the duties of the"Da guan",who played an important role in military defense,national diplomacy,and the development of animal husbandry.

关 键 词：明朝 达官 武职 

分 类 号：K248[历史地理—历史学]