普通小麦4个主要矮秆基因的分子检测  

Molecular Detection of Four Main Dwarfing Genes in Common Wheat

作　　者：牟丽明 田秀苓 刘丹 董亚超 何中虎[2] MU Liming;TIAN Xiuling;LIU Dan;DONG Yachao;HE Zhonghu(Dingxi Academy of Agricultural Science,Dingxi Gansu 743000,China;Institute of Crop Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS),Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省定西市农业科学研究院,甘肃定西743000 [2]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2022年第7期830-836,共7页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：西部之光访问学者计划;鲁甘科技协作计划;定西市科技计划(DX2022BZ33)。

摘　　要：为明确现有小麦品种中主要矮秆基因Rht1、Rht2、Rht8和Rht24的分布及其组合类型,选用国内外312份小麦品种(系),利用上述矮秆基因的功能标记或紧密连锁分子标记进行检测。结果显示,矮秆基因Rht1、Rht2、Rht8和Rht24的分布频率分别为18.9%、77.6%、50.0%和91.3%。在2个矮秆基因组合中,Rht2+Rht24的分布频率最高,为73.4%;在3个矮秆基因的组合中,Rht2+Rht8+Rht24分布频率最高,为33.7%。国外品种中Rht8的分布频率最高,为55.8%,其次是Rht24,为48.8%。国内不同麦区矮秆基因的分布频率不同,Rht1在北部冬麦区的分布频率为55.0%,在黄淮麦区为8.7%;Rht2在黄淮麦区的分布频率为91.7%,在北部冬麦区为37.5%。研究发现,Rht1、Rht2的降秆作用强于Rht8和Rht24;矮秆基因组合Rht2+Rht24、Rht8+Rht24、Rht2+Rht8+Rht24不仅分布频率较高而且降秆作用也较大。上述结果为更好地了解现有骨干亲本中矮秆基因背景提供了参考,也为育种中的杂交组合配制提供了依据。Plant height is one of important agronomic traits that affect yield potential.To confirm the distribution of main dwarfing genes Rht1,Rht2,Rht8,and Rht24 and their combinations in breeding parent lines,312 parent lines from China and foreign countries were selected.Dwarfing genes were detected by functional markers or closely linked molecular markers of the mentioned dwarfing genes.The results showed that the distribution frequencies of dwarfing genes Rht1,Rht2,Rht8 and Rht24 were 18.9%,77.6%,50.0%and 91.3%,respectively.Among the two dwarfing genes combinations,Rht2+Rht24 occurred at the highest distribution frequency(73.4%).Among the three dwarfing genes combinations,Rht2+Rht8+Rht24 had the highest distribution frequency(33.7%).Among the introduced varieties,Rht8 showed the highest frequency(55.8%),followed by Rht24(48.8%).In terms of Chinese varieties from different wheat production areas,the dwarfing genes showed different distribution patterns;the distribution of Rht1 in the winter wheat region of Northern China Plain(55.0%)had a higher frequency than that in the facultative winter wheat region of Yellow-Huaihe River Valley(8.7%),and the distribution of Rht2 in the facultative winter wheat region of Yellow-Huaihe River Valley(91.7%)had higher frequency than that in the winter wheat region of the Northern China Plain(37.5%).It was also found that Rht1 and Rht2 had stronger effect on plant height than Rht8 and Rht24.The combinations of dwarfing genes Rht2+Rht24,Rht8+[JP3]Rht24,Rht2+Rht8+Rht24[JP]had higher distribution frequency,which also had greater reduction on plant height.The results provided a better reference for understanding the background of dwarfing genes in now backbone parents,and supplied a basis for designing crosses in wheat breeding.

关 键 词：普通小麦 矮秆基因 育种亲本 分子标记 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]