1961-2020年郑州主城区大气自净能力变化特征分析  

Analysis of variation characteristics of atmospheric self-purification capability in the main urban area of Zhengzhou from 1961 to 2020

作　　者：刘美 姬兴杰 田力 丁亚磊 左璇[5] LIU Mei;JI Xing-jie;TIAN Li;DING Ya-lei;ZUO Xuan(College of Chemistry,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;He′nan Institute of Meteorological Sciences,Zhengzhou 450000,China;He′nan Meteorological Observatory,Zhengzhou 450003,China;College of Ecology and Environment,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;He′nan Climate Center,Zhengzhou 450003,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学化学学院,河南郑州450001 [2]河南省气象科学研究所,河南郑州450000 [3]河南省气象台,河南郑州450003 [4]郑州大学生态与环境学院,河南郑州450001 [5]河南省气候中心,河南郑州450003

出　　处：《气象与环境学报》2022年第3期93-100,共8页Journal of Meteorology and Environment

基　　金：中国气象局河南省农业气象保障与应用技术重点实验室应用技术研究基金项目(KZ202005)资助。

摘　　要：利用郑州市主城区1961—2020年气象观测资料和2014—2018年空气质量监测数据,分析了郑州主城区大气自净能力指数的长期变化趋势与影响因子以及2014—2018年主城区大气自净能力与PM_(2.5)的关系。结果表明:郑州主城区大气自净能力指数30 a气候均值为4.42 t·(d·km^(2))^(-1),春季大气自净能力最强,为5.20 t·(d·km^(2))^(-1);秋季大气自净能力最弱,为3.88 t·(d·km^(2))^(-1),不利于对大气污染物的清除。1961—2020年郑州主城区大气自净能力呈显著的减弱趋势,其中1969年最强为6.85 t·(d·km^(2))^(-1),2020年最弱为3.06 t·(d·km^(2))^(-1)。影响因子中,1961—1980年混合层厚度与大气自净能力指数呈正相关;日平均风速≥2.5 m·s^(-1)的日数和小风日数与大气自净能力分别呈正、负显著相关;大气自净能力指数与降水日数显著相关,2015年后偏强降水日数的增加对大气自净能力在同时期的增强有一定影响。此外,研究还表明主城区大气自净能力和PM_(2.5)浓度存在显著的负相关,说明大气自净能力强时,对应的PM_(2.5)浓度低,环境空气质量趋好。Based on the meteorological observation data from 1961 to 2020 and the air quality monitoring data from^(2)014 to 2018 in the main urban area of Zhengzhou,the long-term trend and influencing factors of atmospheric self-purification capacity(ASPC)index in this area were analyzed,and the relationship between the ASPC and PM_(2.5) was studied.The results show that from 1981 to 2010,the ASPC index has an average value of 4.42 t·(d·km^(2))^(-1),the largest value of 5.2 t·(d·km^(2))^(-1) in spring,and the smallest value of 3.88 t·(d·km^(2))^(-1) in autumn,which is disadvantage to the removal of air pollutants.From 1961 to 2020,the ASPC in the study region shows a significant weakening trend with a maximum value of 6.85 t·(d·km^(2))^(-1) in 1969 and a minimum value of 3.06 t·(d·km^(2))^(-1) in 2020.The mixing layer thickness is positively correlated with the ASPC index.The number of days with daily mean wind speed≥2.5 m·s^(-1) and light wind days are significantly positively and negatively correlated with the ASPC,respectively.Furthermore,the ASPC index is significantly correlated with the number of precipitation days.Specifically,the increase in the number of heavy precipitation days after 2015 has a certain influence on the enhancement of ASPC in the same period.In addition,the study also shows that there was a significantly negative correlation between ASPC and PM_(2.5) concentration in the main urban area,indicating that the stronger ASPC is,the lower the corresponding PM_(2.5) concentration is,and the better the ambient air quality is.

关 键 词：大气自净能力 混合层高度 风速 降水 PM_(2.5) 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]