骨水泥型股骨柄假体类型对股骨骨质应力遮挡的影响  被引量:2

Effects of cemented femoral stem prosthesis types on femoral bone stress shielding

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作  者:齐稚寒 常兆华[1] 叶萍[1] QI Zhihan;CHANG Zhaohua;YE Ping(School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering USST,University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai 200093,China)

机构地区:[1]上海理工大学健康科学与工程学院,上海200093

出  处:《生物医学工程研究》2022年第2期178-187,共10页Journal Of Biomedical Engineering Research

摘  要:通过建立全髋关节置换术(total hip arthroplasty,THA)术后股骨有限元模型,探讨不同股骨柄(femoral stem,FS)模型对不同骨质股骨上应力遮挡(stress shielding effect,SSE)情况的影响。本研究根据CT数据建立了正常骨质和骨质疏松症状态下的股骨模型,并设计了六种类型的股骨柄假体模型,装配后加载关节接触力载荷进行有限元分析(finite element analysis,FEA)。松质骨骨质的降低会导致皮质骨中载荷较低的Gruen1区域出现大于10%的应力和应变变化,并会增加假体颈长对皮质骨应力分布带来的影响。通过紧密固定假体柄身近端和皮质骨,可以有效降低Gruen4和Gruen7区域的应力遮挡。颈长的增加会增大Gruen4区域应力遮挡,增大柄近端内外侧宽度会使其与髓腔贴合更紧密,进而增加Gruen7区域的应力遮挡。结果表明,改变股骨柄的固定方式、柄身尺寸及颈干角,会使皮质骨各区域发生不同程度的应力遮挡;改变松质骨骨质也会对皮质骨的应力分布造成影响。The finite element model of femur after total hip arthroplasty(THA)was established to explore the effects of different femoral stem(FS)models on stress shielding effect(SSE)of femur with different bones.According to the CT data,the femoral models in the state of healthy bone and osteoporosis were established,and six types of femoral stem prosthesis models were designed.The prosthesis implantation was established,and then the joint contact force load was loaded for finite element analysis(FEA).The decrease of cancellous bone only had more than 10%stress and strain effects in gruen1 area with low load of cortical bone.Long handle neck would increase the effect of cancellous bone on cortical bone.The close fixation of the proximal handle and cortical bone could reduce the stress shielding of Gruen4 and Gruen7.The increase of neck length would increase the stress shielding of Gruen4.Increasing the size of the proximal handle to fit with the medullary cavity would increase the stress shielding of Gruen7.The results show that the fixation mode of the femoral stem,the size of the stem and the angle of the neck stem affect the stress shielding in various regions of the cortical bone,and also change the influence of the cancellous bone on the stress distribution of the cortical bone.

关 键 词:髋关节置换模型 骨水泥股骨柄 股骨材料赋值 有限元分析 生物力学 应力遮挡现象 

分 类 号:R318.01[医药卫生—生物医学工程] R336[医药卫生—基础医学]

 

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