不同商品等级天麻化学成分的比较  

Comparison of Chemical Constituents in Different Grades of Gastrodia elata

作　　者：陈三春 谢美凤 田玉桥 邱小燕 岳文阁 薛华丽 李恋红 尹庆铁 CHEN Sanchun;XIE Meifeng;TIAN Yuqiao;QIU Xiaoyan;YUE Wenge;XUE Huali;LI Lianhong;YIN Qingtie(Hu'nan Bestcome Traditional Medicine Co.,Ltd.,Huaihua,Hu'nan 418008,China;College of Biological and Food Engineering,Huaihua University,Huaihua,Hu'nan 418008,China;Horticulture College,Hu'nan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hu'nan 410125,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省博世康中医药有限公司,湖南怀化418008 [2]怀化学院生物与食品工程学院,湖南怀化418008 [3]湖南农业大学园艺学院,湖南长沙410125

出　　处：《农产品加工》2022年第11期58-63,共6页Farm Products Processing

基　　金：湖南省教育厅项目(18C0992);湖南省创新平台与人才计划项目(2019NK4232);湖南省战略性新兴产业科技攻关项目(2016GK4052);“生物工程”湖南省双一流学科建设经费资助项目(2019年)。

摘　　要：通过比较不同商品等级天麻化学成分的含量,为天麻的质量评价提供科学依据。对一等乌杆天麻、二等乌杆天麻、一等有硫乌红杂交天麻、二等有硫乌红杂交天麻、一等无硫乌红杂交天麻这5个不同商品等级的天麻样品进行水分、浸出物、二氧化硫、多糖、天麻素、对羟基苯甲醇含量的测定。结果表明,在5个不同商品等级的天麻样品中,水分含量最高的是一等有硫乌红杂交天麻(13.25%);二氧化硫含量最高的是一等有硫乌红杂交天麻(>250 mg/kg);浸出物含量最高的是二等有硫乌红杂交天麻(26.06%);天麻多糖含量最高的是二等有硫乌红杂交天麻(27.67%);天麻素和对羟基苯甲醇含量最高的是二等有硫乌红杂交天麻(0.54%)。研究发现,不同商品等级的天麻化学成分含量差异显著(p<0.05),但与其商品等级相关性不大。从主要化学成分角度分析,在不同商品等级的天麻中,二等有硫乌红杂交天麻的浸出物、多糖、天麻素和对羟基苯甲醇的含量最高。The aim of this experiment was to compare the contents of chemical components in different commercial grades of Gastrodia elata,to provide scientific basis for quality evaluation of Gastrodia elata.The contents of water,extract,sulfur dioxide,polysaccharide,gastrodin and p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol were determined in five different commercial grade Gastrodia elata samples:the first-grade black stem Gastrodia elata,the second-grade black stem Gastrodia elata,the first-grade sulfur black red hybrid Gastrodia elata,the second-grade sulfur black red hybrid Gastrodia elata and the first-grade sulphur free black red hybrid Gastrodia elata.The results showed that in 5 different commercial grades of Gastrodia elata samples,the highest moisture content was the first-grade sulfur black red hybrid Gastrodia elata(13.25%).The highest sulfur dioxide content was the first-grade sulfur black red hybrid Gastrodia elata(>250 mg/kg).The highest extract content was the second-grade sulfur black red hybrid Gastrodia elata(26.06%).The highest polysaccharide content was the second-grade sulfur black red hybrid Gastrodia elata(27.67%).The highest gastrodin and p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol content was the second-grade sulfur black red hybrid Gastrodia elata(0.54%).The results showed that the contents of chemical components in different grades of Gastrodia elata had significant difference(p<0.05),but it has little to do with its grades.From the point of view of main chemical composition,in different grades of Gastrodia elata,the contents of the extractives,polysaccharides,gastrodin and p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol in the second-grade sulfur black red hybrid Gastrodia elata were the highest.

关 键 词：天麻 商品等级 化学成分 比较 

分 类 号：R284.2[医药卫生—中药学]