基于网络流的共享电动汽车优化调度  

Optimal Scheduling of Sharing Electric Vehicles Based on Network Flow

作　　者：程瑜[1] 邰宇峰 丁肇豪 卢莹[1] Cheng Yu;Tai Yufeng;Ding Zhaohao;Lu Ying(Electric and Electronic Engineering School North China Electric Power University,Beijing102206 China;State Grid Jilin Electric Power Research Institute,Changchun 130021 China)

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学电气与电子工程学院,北京102206 [2]国网吉林省电力有限公司电力科学研究院,长春130021

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2022年第S01期145-152,共8页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51907063)。

摘　　要：随着车联网、云计算、大数据的应用普及,代表着“互联网+出行”的共享电动汽车租赁业务因灵活便捷、绿色环保拥有广阔的发展空间。可租赁状态的共享汽车与租车客户在时空分布上的不匹配,是共享汽车运营商提高收益面临的焦点问题。基于网络流模型,计及电动汽车充电对车辆可提供租赁服务状态的影响,同时实现时间和空间维度的共享汽车租赁业务供需匹配分析;并结合租赁业务特点,提出租赁站点车流量守恒约束、共享车辆状态转移守恒约束。以调度周期内运营商净收益最大为优化目标,考虑路网、车、租赁需求及充电网络约束,建立共享电动汽车优化调度混合整数线性规划模型,同时优化决策车辆调配方案和充电计划。算例表明,优化调度策略可提高共享电动汽车运营商收益与用户满意度。With the popularization of Internet of vehicles,cloud computing,and big data applications,the sharing electric vehicle rental business,which represents“Internet+travel”,has a broad development space due to its flexibility,convenience,and environmental protection.The time-space distribution of the car-sharing and car-sharing customers does not match,which is the key problem faced by the car-sharing operators to improve their revenue.Based on the network flow model,taking into account the impact of electric vehicle charging on the status of vehicles that can provide rental services,and at the same time realizing the analysis of the supply and demand of the rental business in the time and space dimensions;and combining the characteristics of the rental business,it proposes the conservation of traffic flow at the rental site and the sharing vehicle status transfer conservation constraints.Taking the operator's maximum net income as the optimization goal in the dispatch cycle,considering the road network,car,rental demand and charging network constraints,a mixed integer linear model of sharing electric vehicle optimal dispatch is established to optimize the decision of vehicle deployment plan and charging plan.The calculation example shows that the optimized scheduling strategy can improve the revenue and user satisfaction of shared electric vehicle operators.

关 键 词：共享电动汽车 网络流 车辆调配 充电计划 混合整数线性规划 

分 类 号：TM74[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]