大冶某矿区农地土壤重金属污染健康风险评价  

The health risk assessment of farmland contaminated with heavy metals in Daye mine area

作　　者：冯博 周皓 徐阳 周俊哲 乐雪梅 陈勇 Feng Bo;Zhou Hao;Xu Yang;Zhou Junzhe;Yue Xuemei;Chen Yong(School of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Wuhan Hubei 430081,China;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Mineral Metallurgical Resources Utilization and Pollution Control,Wuhan Hubei 430081,China;Hubei Key Laboratory for Efficient Utilization and Agglomeration of Metallurgic Mineral Resources,Wuhan Hubei 430081,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉科技大学资源与环境工程学院,湖北武汉430081 [2]国家环境保护矿冶资源利用与污染控制重点实验室,湖北武汉430081 [3]冶金矿产资源高效利用与造块湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉430081

出　　处：《化工矿物与加工》2022年第7期54-59,共6页Industrial Minerals & Processing

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41971237);国家环境保护矿冶资源利用与污染控制重点实验室开放基金(HB201916)。

摘　　要：采矿活动常常会给当地环境造成严重污染,重金属污染已成为其中的一个突出问题。重金属污染具有积累性和不可逆性等特点,大量重金属污染物进入农地土壤中,不仅会破坏土壤生态环境、造成土地退化,还会通过皮肤接触、呼吸和食物链等途径危害人体健康。土壤作为农户从事农业生产经常接触的环境因素,对其开展重金属污染健康风险评价极为重要。以大冶市某矿区为例,在矿区范围内设置了21个采样点,分别检测样品中的As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Pb、Zn含量,设定3种暴露途径(经口摄入暴露、皮肤接触暴露、呼吸吸入暴露),分别对成人和儿童进行土壤重金属污染健康风险评价,结果表明:成人与儿童均存在重金属非致癌风险,成人不存在重金属致癌风险,儿童存在重金属致癌风险;与成人相比,儿童受到农地土壤重金属污染的健康风险更高。Mining activities often bring about serious pollutions to local environment,particularly from which heavy metal-based pollution become a prominent problem.It is characterized by an irreversible process with accumulation of heavy metals.The entrance of a large amount of heavy metal-bearing pollutants to the farmland not only destroys ecological conditions of the soil and causes land degradation but also endangers health of human body via skin-to-skin contact,respiration and food cycle.As soil is an envriomental factor that farmers are exposed to in agricultural production,it is distinctly important to carry out health risk assessment on heavy metal pollution.Taking a mine in Daye as an example,twenty-one sampling points were set up in the mine to test the contents of heavy metals such as As,Cd,Cr,Cu,Pb and Zn in the samples,and three exposure routes(oral exposure,skin exposure and respiratory&inhalation exposure)were selected to evaluate the health risk of heavy metals contained in soil to adults and children respectively.The results show that both adults and children had cancer-free risk due to heavy metals.There is no carcinogenic risk of heavy metal for adults but for children.Children had a higher likelihood of health risk due to heavy metal contaminated in farmland than the adults.

关 键 词：土壤重金属污染 矿区农地 健康风险 致癌风险评价 吸收系数 环境污染 

分 类 号：X825[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X53