菠萝叶纤维增强热塑性淀粉复合材料的性能研究  

Research on properties of pineapple leaf fiber reinforced thermoplastic starch composite

作　　者：刘雅奇 刘运浩 李普旺 王超 宋书会 杨子明 LIU Ya-qi;LIU Yun-hao;LI Pu-wang;WANG Chao;SONG Shu-hui;YANG Zi-ming(College of Food Science and Technology,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China;South Subtropical Crop Research Institute,Chinese Academy ofTropical Agricultural Sciences,Zhanjiang 524091,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学食品科技学院,武汉430070 [2]中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所,湛江524091

出　　处：《复合材料科学与工程》2022年第6期59-64,共6页Composites Science and Engineering

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金资助(321QN0922);中国热带农业科学院基本科研业务费专项资金(1630062021005)。

摘　　要：为深入研究天然纤维增强热塑性淀粉复合材料的性能,以双醛淀粉为原料,甘油为塑化剂,利用菠萝叶纤维作为增强材料,采用热压成型法制备菠萝叶纤维增强热塑性淀粉复合材料。研究了不同尺寸的菠萝叶纤维对复合材料力学性能、密度、含水率、降解性能的影响,并通过扫描电镜观察复合材料的表面和断面形貌。结果表明:加入菠萝叶纤维能有效提高复合材料的力学性能。随着菠萝叶纤维尺寸的减小,复合材料的力学性能呈现出逐渐增加再减小的趋势,当纤维尺寸为0.6 mm时,拉伸强度达到最大值7.18 MPa。当纤维尺寸>0.6 mm时,弯曲强度最佳,为13.79 MPa。随着菠萝叶纤维尺寸的减小,复合材料的密度呈现逐渐增大的趋势,含水率呈总体下降的趋势。在短期降解时间内,复合材料的失重率在常规及酵母菌两种土壤环境下呈现出随着纤维尺寸减小而逐渐减小的趋势,随着时间的延长,失重率逐渐趋向一致。In order to study the properties of natural fiber reinforced thermoplastic starch composite,pineapple leaf fiber reinforced thermoplastic starch composite was prepared by hot-pressing method by using dialdehyde starch as raw material,glycerin as plasticizer and pineapple leaf fiber as reinforced material.The effects of pineapple leaf fiber with different sizes on mechanical properties,density,water content and degradable properties of composites were studied.The surface and cross-section morphology of composites were observed by scanning electron microscope.The results show that the mechanical properties of the composites can be effectively improved by adding pineapple leaf fiber.With the decrease of the pineapple leaf fiber size,the mechanical properties of the composite gradually increase and then decrease.The tensile strength reached the maximum of 7.18 MPa with the fiber size of 0.6 mm.When the fiber size was>0.6 mm,the best flexural strength reached 13.79 MPa.With the decrease of pineapple leaf fiber size,the density of composite increased gradually,and the water content decreased generally.In the short-term degradation time,the weight loss rate of the composite gradually decreases with the reduction of fiber size in the conventional and yeast soil environment.The weight loss rate gradually tended to be the same with the extension of time.

关 键 词：菠萝叶纤维 热塑性淀粉 复合材料 力学性能 降解性能 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]