土壤微塑料与重金属、持久性有机污染物和抗生素作用影响因素综述  

Key influencing factors for interactions between microplastics and heavy metals,persistent organic pollutants,and antibiotics in soil

作　　者：万红友[1] 王俊凯 张伟[1,2,3] WAN Hongyou;WANG Junkai;ZHANG Wei(College of Ecology and Environment,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Water Resource and Environment,Zhengzhou 450001,China;Yellow River Institute for Ecological Protection&Regional Coordinated Development,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学生态与环境学院,郑州450001 [2]郑州市水资源与水环境重点实验室,郑州450001 [3]郑州大学黄河生态保护与区域协调发展研究院,郑州450001

出　　处：《农业资源与环境学报》2022年第4期643-650,共8页Journal of Agricultural Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52000163);河南省自然科学基金项目(202300410423);河南科技智库调研课题(HNKJZK-2021-05C)。

摘　　要：微塑料是难以降解的污染物,可作为众多污染物的载体,在土壤中极易与其他污染物发生复合效应,对土壤产生不利影响。本文系统分析了聚乙烯(PE)、聚氯乙烯(PVC)、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、聚丙烯(PP)、聚苯乙烯(PS)和聚酰胺(PA)六种微塑料与重金属、持久性有机污染物和抗生素在土壤中的相互作用及其影响因素。在土壤介质中,微塑料与重金属的作用受微塑料比表面积、老化程度、极性以及土壤中H+、低分子酸的影响;微塑料与持久性污染物的作用受微塑料疏水性、橡胶域丰度、污染物极性以及土壤有机质的影响;微塑料与抗生素的作用受微塑料比表面积、极性以及土壤中的腐殖质等物质的影响。研究结果将为阐明微塑料在土壤环境中与其他污染物的相互作用影响因素提供理论支撑。Microplastics are difficult to degrade and could carry many kinds of pollutants.Furthermore,microplastics could compound with other pollutants in soil and exert adverse effects on the soil environment.Here,we systematically study the interaction of microplastics,including polyethylene(PE),polyvinyl chloride(PVC),polyethylene terephthalate(PET),polypropylene(PP),polystyrene(PS),and polyamide(PA),with heavy metals,persistent organic pollutants(POPs),and antibiotics in soil and its influencing factors.In the soil environment,the interaction mechanism between microplastics and heavy metals is mainly affected by the specific surface area,aging degree,and polarity of microplastics.The H+and low molecular acid in the soil would also affect the interaction process.The interaction mechanism between microplastics and POPs is mainly influenced by the hydrophobicity of microplastics,abundance of rubber domain,and polarity of pollutants or soil organic matter.The interaction between microplastics and antibiotics is mainly affected by specific surface area,polarity of microplastics,and humus in the soil environment.The results of this study will provide theoretical support for clarifying the influencing factors of the interaction mechanism between microplastics and other pollutants in the soil environment.

关 键 词：土壤 微塑料 重金属 持久性有机污染物 抗生素 

分 类 号：X834[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X55