基于多源遥感数据的蓄洪区洪涝遥感监测与分析  

Remote sensing monitoring and analysis of flood in flood storage area based on multi-source remote sensing data

作　　者：朱辉 何祺胜 李金阳 陈丽 ZHU Hui;HE Qisheng;LI Jinyang;CHEN Li(College of Hydrology and Water Resources,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;Jiangsu Hydraulic Research Institute,Nanjing 210017,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学水文水资源学院,江苏南京210098 [2]江苏省水利科学研究院,江苏南京210017

出　　处：《河海大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第4期50-57,共8页Journal of Hohai University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFE0128500);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(B200204005)。

摘　　要：为科学治理蓄洪区洪涝灾害、有效降低经济损失,以安徽省蒙洼蓄洪区作为研究区域,选择哨兵一号、二号和高分系列卫星影像作为数据源,采用区域生长法快速提取洪水淹没范围,绘制洪涝灾害前后的水体变化监测图,并结合蒙洼蓄洪区的土地利用类型分布图,利用GIS技术分析2020年7—8月洪涝期间蒙洼蓄洪区各土地利用类型受灾情况以及总区域受灾情况的时空变化特征。结果表明:区域生长法结合多源卫星遥感数据,可以快速准确地提取洪涝灾害范围,实现洪涝灾害信息的时效性和高频次监测;蒙洼蓄洪区的重度受灾区域主要集中在中部和东北部地区,西南部地区受灾程度较轻,农田和养殖塘受灾程度最为严重,保庄圩和庄台受灾程度最轻;蒙洼蓄洪区受灾面积的时间变化与蓄洪措施具有很强的相关性,而与当地降水情况的相关性较弱。To scientifically control the flood disaster and effectively reduce economic losses in the flood storage area,taking the Mengwa flood storage area in Anhui Province as the research area,the satellite images of Sentinel 1,2 and Gaofen series were selected as the data sources.The flood submerged area was extracted rapidly by using the region growing algorithm,and the detection maps of water body’s changes during flood periods were plotted.Combined with the land-use type coverage map of Mengwa flood storage area,this study analyzed the spatiotemporal change characteristics of the disaster situation of various land-use types and the total regional disaster situation during July and August 2020 with the GIS technology in the Mengwa flood storage area.The results show that the region growing algorithm combined with multi-source remote sensing data can extract the flood area quickly and accurately,and realize the timeliness and high-frequency monitoring of flood information.In the Mengwa flood storage area,the severe disaster areas were mainly concentrated in the central and northeast regions,while the southwest areas were less affected.Farmland and aquaculture ponds were the most seriously affected,while Baozhuangwei and Zhuangtai were the least affected.There is a strong correlation between the time change of disaster area and flood storage measures,but weak correlation with the local precipitation.

关 键 词：洪涝灾害 区域生长法 土地利用 动态监测 蒙洼蓄洪区 安徽省 

分 类 号：P237[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感]