Voles and weasels in the boreal Fennoscandian small mammal community:what happens if the least weasel disappears due to climate change?  

作　　者：Hannu YLÖNEN Marko HAAPAKOSKI Thorbjörn SIEVERT Janne SUNDELL 

机构地区：[1]Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Konnevesi Research Station,University of Jyväskylä,Jyväskylä,Finland [2]Lammi Biological Station,University of Helsinki,Lammi,Finland

出　　处：《Integrative Zoology》2019年第4期327-340,共14页整合动物学（英文版）

摘　　要：Climate change,habitat loss and fragmentation are major threats for populations and a challenge for individual behavior,interactions and survival.Predator-prey interactions are modified by climate processes.In the north­ern latitudes,strong seasonality is changing and the main predicted feature is shortening and instability of win­ter.Vole populations in the boreal Fennoscandia exhibit multiannual cycles.High amplitude peak numbers of voles and dramatic population lows alternate in 3-5-year cycles shortening from North to South.One key fac­tor,or driver,promoting the population crash and causing extreme extended lows,is suggested to be predation by the least weasel.We review the arms race between prey voles and weasels through the multiannual density fluctuation,affected by climate change,and especially the changes in the duration and stability of snow cover.For ground-dwelling small mammals,snow provides thermoregulation and shelter for nest sites,and helps them hide from predators.Predicted increases in the instability of winter forms a major challenge for species with coat color change between brown summer camouflage and white winter coat.One of these is the least weasel,Mustela nivalis nivalis.Increased vulnerability of wrong-colored weasels to predation affects vole populations and may have dramatic effects on vole dynamics.It may have cascading effects on other small rodent-predator interactions and even on plant-animal interactions and forest dynamics.

关 键 词：cascading effects climate change least weasel population cycles PREDATOR-PREY 

分 类 号：P73[天文地球—海洋科学]