定边平原水源地开采条件下地下劣质水体运移及水源地保护  

Migration and Protection of Inferior Groundwater under Exploitation Condition of Water Source in Dingbian Plains

作　　者：刘泽军 方亚宏 尚文星 梁浩天 王玮[1,2] LIU Ze-jun;FANG Ya-hong;SHANG Wen-xing;LIANG Hao-tian;WANG Wei(School of Water Resources and Environment,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China;Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Regions,Ministry of Education,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学水利与环境学院,西安710054 [2]长安大学旱区地下水与生态效应教育部重点实验室,西安710054

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2022年第7期41-49,共9页China Rural Water and Hydropower

摘　　要：地下水是定边地区主要的用水来源,近年来,由于地下水过度开采,引发区域地下水水位下降、劣质水体入侵、土地荒漠化等一系列问题,甚至威胁到当地用水安全。通过实地调查取样与数值模型计算的方法,选取定边地区典型区域,分析定边地区当前地下水化学组分及分布特征。建立数值模型,计算水源地不同开采条件下地下水化学组分的运移情况,探究地下水开采强度对水源地劣质水体入侵的影响程度。同时,设计了灌浆帷幕与水力帷幕两种水源地保护措施,以探究合理的水源地保护方案。结果表明,第四系萨拉乌苏组潜水主要为SO_(4)·Cl-Ca·Mg型水,矿化度较低。白垩系环河组潜水、微承压水均为SO_(4)·Cl-Ca·Mg型水,矿化度较高。开采条件下第四系萨拉乌苏组潜水矿化度升高,可能危及到水源地水质安全。地下水开采强度越强,水源地Cl离子超标范围面积越大。与灌浆帷幕方案相比,设置水力帷幕的方案可有效抑制劣质水体入侵水源地,以达到保护饮用水源地的目的。同时,还需要采取控制抽水与加强地下水水质长期观测等措施,为水资源保护及可持续开发利用打好基础。Groundwater is the main source of water in Dingbian area.In recent years,due to excessive exploitation of groundwater,a series of problems such as regional groundwater level decline,invasion of inferior water bodies,land desertification and so on have been caused,and even threatened the local water security.By means of field investigation and numerical model calculation,the typical area of dingbian area is selected to analyze the current groundwater chemical composition and distribution characteristics.Numerical simulation was used to calculate the migration of groundwater chemical components under different exploitation conditions in the water source area,and to explore the influence of groundwater exploitation intensity on the invasion of inferior water in the water source area.At the same time,the grouting curtain and hydraulic curtain are designed to explore a reasonable water source protection scheme.The results show that the phreatic water of the Quaternary Salawusu Formation is mainly SO_(4)·Cl-Ca·Mg type with low salinity.The phreatic and micro-confined water of Cretaceous Huanhe Formation is SO_(4)·Cl-Ca·Mg water with high salinity.Under mining conditions,the phreatic salinity of the fourth salawusu Formation increases,which may endanger the water quality safety of the water source.The stronger the groundwater exploitation intensity,the larger the area of Cl ion exceeding the standard in water source.Compared with grouting curtain scheme,the scheme of setting hydraulic curtain can effectively inhibit the invasion of inferior water and protect drinking water source.At the same time,it is necessary to control pumping and strengthen long-term observation of groundwater quality to lay a good foundation for water resources protection and sustainable development and utilization.

关 键 词：地下水 饮用水水源地 劣质水体 运移分析 定边平原 

分 类 号：TV213[水利工程—水文学及水资源] P64[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]