浙江天童常绿阔叶林林冠结构与群落物种组成的关系  

Relationship between canopy structure and species composition of an evergreen broadleaf forest in Tiantong region, Zhejiang, China

作　　者：余秋伍 杨菁 沈国春[1,2,3] YU Qiu-Wu;YANG Jing;SHEN Guo-Chun(School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences East China Normal University Shanghai 200241,China;Tianiong National Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station,Ningbo,Zhejiang 315114,China;Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学生态与环境科学学院,上海200241 [2]浙江天童森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,浙江宁波315114 [3]上海污染控制与生态安全研究院,上海200092

出　　处：《植物生态学报》2022年第5期529-538,共10页Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31870404)。

摘　　要：森林林冠结构能改变林下微气候条件,可能会形成独立于地面生境的空间结构,进而影响群落物种组成差异。该研究利用机载激光雷达获取浙江天童20hm^(2)常绿阔叶林样地的高精度林冠结构信息,初步探讨了林冠结构与群落物种组成差异的关系,结果表明:(1)未考虑林冠结构时,独立于地面生境的空间结构是天童样地群落物种组成差异的重要影响因子,在100 m^(2)、400 m^(2)、2 500 m^(2)样方尺度上,其对群落物种组成差异的解释率分别为25.2%、28.1%、8.0%。(2)考虑林冠结构后,林冠结构使独立于地面生境的空间结构对群落物种组成差异的解释率降低了约1/3 (26.2%–36.0%)。(3)林冠结构因子中,林冠高度对群落物种组成差异影响最大,其次为林冠内部结构;随样方尺度增大,林冠高度对群落物种组成差异的影响降低,林冠内部结构的影响逐渐增加。该研究结果证明了林冠结构是独立于地面生境的空间结构的主要驱动因子,对天童植物群落物种组成差异具有不可忽视的重要作用。这些结果明晰了林冠结构因子中林冠高度和内部结构的重要性。Aims The ecological mechanisms underlying species compositional differences among communities are crucial to understanding and predicting biodiversity changes. One of such mechanisms is the spatial structure independent of ground-level habitat(e.g., soil nutrients and topographic parameters). However, the primary drivers of this spatial structure are still unclear. Forest canopy structure can alter understory microclimates, which in turn influences the spatial structure and species compositional differences. We know little so far about such influence of the forest canopy structure. This gap has hindered our understanding of the ecological mechanisms underlying species compositional difference.Methods The study was conducted in a 20 hm^(2) evergreen broadleaf forest plot in the Tiantong region, Zhejiang Province, Eastern China. UVA-based LiDAR was used to estimate the high-precision forest canopy structure of the Tiantong plot. The redundancy analysis and the variance decomposition method were used to explore the relative importance of forest canopy structure and other potential factors on community species composition.Important findings Our research showed that:(1) In the case of excluding the effect of canopy structure, the spatial structure independent of the ground-level habitat was one of the main contributors to the species compositional differences in the Tiantong plot. It explained 25.2%, 28.1%, and 8.0% of the variation in species composition at the scales of 100 m^(2), 400 m^(2), and 2 500 m^(2), respectively.(2) Including the effect of forest canopy structure significantly reduced the explanation power of the spatial structure by about 1/3(26.2%–36.0%).(3) Among canopy structure factors, canopy height had the most significant influence on species composition,followed by internal canopy structure. With the increase of the plot scale, the effects of canopy height decreased while the impacts of internal canopy structure increased. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that canopy structure is one of the

关 键 词：林冠结构 物种组成差异 地面生境 空间结构 方差分解 

分 类 号：S718.54[农业科学—林学]