基于地震沉积学的薄互层储集层分布预测方法  

Thin-interbedded reservoirs prediction based on seismic sedimentology

作　　者：倪长宽[1,2] 苏明军 袁成[1] 刘化清 崔向丽[1] NI Changkuan;SU Mingjun;YUAN Cheng;LIU Huaqing;CUI Xiangli(Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development-Northwest(NWGI),PetroChina,Lanzhou 730020,China;University of Electronic Science and Technology,Chengdu 611731,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油勘探开发研究院西北分院,兰州730020 [2]电子科技大学,成都611731

出　　处：《石油勘探与开发》2022年第4期741-751,共11页Petroleum Exploration and Development

基　　金：国家科技重大专项“岩性地层油气藏区带、圈闭评价方法与关键技术”(2017ZX05001-003);中国石油科技重大专项“岩性地层圈闭精细刻画关键技术与地震沉积学研究”(2021DJ0403)。

摘　　要：针对薄互层地震识别难题,以地震沉积学为理论基础,采用对地层切片开展相关处理达到压制邻层干涉的研究思路,提出两种薄互层储集层分布预测方法,实现在平面上识别薄互层中单砂体平面展布的目的。①最小干涉频率切片方法,利用基于小波变换的振幅-频率特征寻找对目标层切片干涉作用最小的地震频率,进而提取最小干涉频率下的地层切片;②基于地层切片的叠加方法,通过计算对目标地质体储集层与相邻层的多个干涉系数,然后按上述系数将邻层与目标层的地层切片加权叠加形成叠加切片。在准噶尔盆地风南地区应用这两种方法预测三叠系克拉玛依组3套薄互层储集层中厚度为6 m的目标油层分布,通过与钻井信息及常规地层切片对比,证明这两种方法均可有效提高薄互层中单砂体分布的预测精度。Interference of thin-interbedded layers in seismic reflections has great negative impact on thin-interbedded reservoirs prediction. To deal with this, two novel methods are proposed that can predict the thin-interbedded reservoirs distribution through strata slices by suppressing the interference of adjacent layer with the help of seismic sedimentology. The plane distribution of single sand bodies in thin-interbedded reservoirs can be clarified.(1) The minimum interference frequency slicing method, uses the amplitude-frequency attribute estimated by wavelet transform to find a constant seismic frequency with the minimum influence on the stratal slice of target layer, and then an optimal slice corresponding the constant frequency mentioned above can be obtained.(2) The superimposed slicing method can calculate multiple interference coefficients of reservoir and adjacent layers of target geological body,and obtain superimposed slice by weighted stacking the multiple stratal slices of neighboring layers and target layer. The two proposed methods were used to predict the distribution of the target oil layers of 6 m thick in three sets of thin-interbedded reservoirs of Triassic Kelamayi Formation in the Fengnan area of Junggar Basin, Northwestern China. A comparison with drilling data and conventional stratal slices show that the two methods can predict the distribution of single sand bodies in thin-interbedded reservoirs more accurately.

关 键 词：地震沉积学 薄互层储集层 地层切片 振幅-频率谱 三叠系克拉玛依组 准噶尔盆地 

分 类 号：TE122.2[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]